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Hydrogen Terminated Silicon Nanopowders: Gas Phase Synthesis, Oxidation Behaviour, and Si-H Reactivity

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Abstract

Silicon nanopowders were prepared by hot-wire chemical vapour deposition (CVD) from monosilane. Wire materials including Hf, Nb, Ta, Mo, W, Rh, Re, Ir, Pd, and Pt were tested. The filament temperature was varied in the range of 400–2000 ℃ and pressures between 1.0–1.5 bar. Products were characterised by bulk elemental analysis and a laser granulometer. The powders were investigated by TG-DSC-MS under inert, O2, and H2O containing atmosphere, respectively, in a temperature range of 20–700 ℃. Hydrogen evolution occurred in three separate steps, depending on the applied gas atmosphere. The oxidation mechanism was explored by the characteristic O x Si-H bands (x = 0–3) observed in ex situ DRIFT experiments. The oxidation of hydrogen terminated silicon surfaces was investigated employing oxygen (O2), hydrogen peroxide (H2 O 2), permanganate (MnO\(_{4}^{-}\)), or peroxodisulfate \(\left (\mathrm {S}_{2}\mathrm {O}_{8}^{2-}\right )\) in a temperature range of 0–120 ℃. The oxidation was stepwise and strongly enhanced after pretreatment by alkyl lithium salts or Grignard reagents.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Chemistry and Physics, Institute of Physical Chemistry, Technische Universität Bergakademie Freiberg, Leipziger Str. 29, 09599, Freiberg, Germany

    C. Sprung, K. Bohmhammel, F. Mertens & J. Seidel

  2. Department of Chemistry and Physics, Technische Universität Bergakademie Freiberg, Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, Leipziger Str. 29, 09599, Freiberg, Germany

    J. Heimfarth, J. Erler, G. Roewer & E. Kroke

  3. CTF Solar GmbH, Industriestraβe 2, 65779, Kelkheim, Germany

    J. Heimfarth

  4. Department of Chemistry and Physics, Institute of Industrial Chemistry, Technische Universität Bergakademie Freiberg, Leipziger Str. 29, 09599, Freiberg, Germany

    G. Ziegenbalg, C. Pätzold, U. S̆ingliar, P. Fröhlich & M. Bertau

  5. IBZ-Salzchemie GmbH, Co. KG, Gewerbegebiet “Schwarze Kiefern”, 09633, Halsbrücke / OT Tuttendorf, Germany

    G. Ziegenbalg

  6. Sunicon GmbH, Berthelsdorfer Str. 111a, 09599, Freiberg, Germany

    A. Müller

  7. SolarWorld Innovations GmbH, Berthelsdorfer Str. 111a, 09599, Freiberg, Germany

    C. Schubert

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  1. C. Sprung
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  2. J. Heimfarth
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  6. U. S̆ingliar
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  8. A. Müller
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  9. C. Schubert
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  14. M. Bertau
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  15. E. Kroke
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Correspondence to E. Kroke.

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Sprung, C., Heimfarth, J., Erler, J. et al. Hydrogen Terminated Silicon Nanopowders: Gas Phase Synthesis, Oxidation Behaviour, and Si-H Reactivity. Silicon 7, 31–42 (2015). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12633-014-9206-2

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12633-014-9206-2

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