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High-performance non-enzymatic glucose sensor based on Co3O4/rGO nanohybrid

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Abstract

There has been substantial interest in designing and fabricating electrochemical non-enzyme sensors for glucose detection with a focus on the nanocomposites used between metal oxide and the two-dimensional material. In this work, Co3O4/reduced graphene oxide (rGO) nanocomposite was obtained and used as a modified electrochemical electrode for the detection of trace glucose. According to the results, the electrocatalytic performances of Co3O4 nanoparticles for the oxidation of glucose were substantially enhanced with the addition of a small amount of rGO. Specifically, the Co3O4/rGO modified electrode exhibited a sensitivity of 82 μA·mmol−1·cm−2, a detection limit of 50 μmol·L−1 (signal noise ratio (S/N) = 3), and a fast response time of about 1 s under optimal conditions. The enhanced performances of the Co3O4/rGO modified electrode are attributable to the high absorption oxygen (OAds) and synergistic effect between Co3O4 and rGO. The results indicate that Co3O4/rGO nanocomposite is a promising candidate for being used as the active material in real-world electrochemical biosensors.

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摘要

葡萄糖为人体细胞能量的主要供应来源，对人体健康起着至关重要的作用。低血糖和高血糖都会危害人体健康，甚至危及生命，精确测量人体内葡萄糖水平对人体的健康管理至关重要。目前，葡萄糖浓度通常使用葡萄糖氧化酶电极进行测量，该方法中氧化酶在电极上的固定化过程非常复杂，而且酶在温度、湿度和pH值的影响下容易失去活性，导致检测结果失效。因此，灵敏度高、电极制备简单、稳定性好、性价比高的无酶类电化学传感器被认为是非常有前景的血糖检测候选器件。目前，用于葡萄糖检测的无酶类电化学传感器材料主要为金属氧化物，尤其金属钴氧化物材料，因为钴原子在碱性环境中具有高效催化氧化特性。但氧化钴材料活性位点少、导电性差，电催化活性较弱。本工作，制备了Co3O4/rGO纳米复合材料，复合材料中的石墨烯能够显著提高材料的导电性。其次，石墨烯在高温煅烧时的还原作用，使得Co3O4纳米颗粒表面产生较高吸附氧位点，在葡萄糖检测过程中提供了更多的反应活性位点。由于Co3O4与还原氧化石墨烯之间的协同效应和表面高吸附氧(OAds), Co3O4/rGO电极表现出较高检测灵敏度(82 μA·mmol−1·cm−2)，低检测极限(50 μmol·L−1 (S/N = 3)),较快响应速度（～1 s）。结果表明，该复合材料是一种很有应用前景的电化学生物传感器活性材料。

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Acknowledgements

This work was financially supported by the National Research Foundation of Korea (NRF) grant funded by the Korean government (MSIT) (Nos. 2021H1D3A2A01100019 and 2022R1F1074441). This research was also supported by the Brain Pool Program funded by the Ministry of Science and ICT through the National Research Foundation of Korea (No. 2021H1D3A2A01100019). The authors would like to thank Kehui Han from Shiyanjia Laboratory (www.shiyanjia.com) for the XRD analysis.

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  1. Department of Physics, Dongguk University, Seoul, 04620, South Korea

    Ling-Yun Xiong, You-Joong Kim, Won-Cheol Seo, Han-Kyu Lee, Woo-Chul Yang & Wan-Feng Xie

  2. School of Electronics and Information, Industry Joint Center for Ocean Observation and Broadband Communication, Qingdao University, Qingdao, 266071, China

    Ling-Yun Xiong & Wan-Feng Xie

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  1. Ling-Yun Xiong
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Xiong, LY., Kim, YJ., Seo, WC. et al. High-performance non-enzymatic glucose sensor based on Co3O4/rGO nanohybrid. Rare Met. 42, 3046–3053 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12598-023-02318-9

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