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Complementary two-phase anode improving stability and conductivity for lithium storage performance

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Abstract

Metal chalcogenides with multiple lithium ions storage capability have received extensive attentions in recent years; however, their practical application is restricted by the structural instability and poor reversibility. Herein, a unique structure of N and S co-doped C/TiO2 nanofibers is reported to support SnS nanosheets for fast and ultra-stable lithium storage. The incorporation of TiO2 can notably suppress the excessive uncontrollable growth of SnS and improve the structural stability of the electrode material. The effects of the ratios between Ti and Sn and the corresponding synthesis temperatures on the structure and electrochemical properties of the electrodes have been systematically studied. The interface charge transfer behavior of SnS and TiO2 composite heterostructure was clarified by density functional theory (DFT) calculation. The electronic interaction SnS and TiO2 can effectively reduce the energy band gap and form a built-in electric field at the interface of the two phases. This is beneficial for the adsorption of lithium ion and consequently accelerate the reaction kinetics of the electrode material. After the two phases are combined, the agglomeration of SnS is effectively suppressed, and the overall conductivity of the composite is greatly improved. Furthermore, the synergistic effect induced by SnS and TiO2 enables the good stability of the electrode in both lithium-ion half-cells and full cells. This work can provide new insights toward improving the performance of alloy-type anodes.

Graphical abstract

摘要

近年来, 具有多重储锂能力的金属硫族化合物受到了广泛的关注, 但其结构不稳定性和可逆性差限制了其实际应用。本文报道了一种独特的N和S共掺杂C/TiO2纳米纤维结构, 用于支持SnS纳米片快速和超稳定的锂存储。TiO2的加入能显著抑制SnS的过度不可控生长, 提高电极材料的结构稳定性。系统研究了钛锡比和相应的合成温度对电极结构和电化学性能的影响。通过DFT计算, 阐明了SnS和TiO2复合异质结构的界面电荷转移行为。SnS和TiO2的电子相互作用能有效减小能带隙, 并在两相界面形成内置电场。这有利于锂离子的吸附, 从而加速电极材料的反应动力学。两相结合后, SnS的团聚得到有效抑制, 复合材料的整体电导率大大提高。此外, SnS和TiO2的协同作用使电极在锂离子半电池和全电池中都具有良好的稳定性。这项工作可以为提高合金型阳极的性能提供新的见解。项工作可以为提高合金型阳极的性能提供新的见解

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Acknowledgements

This study was financially supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Nos. 51874362 and 51932011).

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. School of Materials Science & Engineering, Central South University, Changsha, 410083, China

    Xue-Fang Xie, Guo-Zhao Fang, Ying-Zhu Hu, Xin-Xin Cao, Ting Zhu & An-Qiang Pan

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  1. Xue-Fang Xie
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  2. Guo-Zhao Fang
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  3. Ying-Zhu Hu
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  4. Xin-Xin Cao
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  5. Ting Zhu
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  6. An-Qiang Pan
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Corresponding authors

Correspondence to Ting Zhu or An-Qiang Pan.

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The authors declare that they have no conflict of interest.

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Xie, XF., Fang, GZ., Hu, YZ. et al. Complementary two-phase anode improving stability and conductivity for lithium storage performance. Rare Met. 42, 85–99 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12598-022-02083-1

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12598-022-02083-1

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