Skip to main content
Log in

New U-Pb ages of zircons in the Owk Shale (Kurnool Group) with reflections on proterozoic porcellanites in India

  • Research Article
  • Published:
Journal of the Geological Society of India

Abstract

Felsic tuff beds with some presumed sedimentary components were reported from the Owk Shale (Kurnool Group; bearing Neoproterozoic fossils) in the upper part of the sedimentary succession in the Cuddapah basin in India by Saha and Tripathy (2012a). Our optical and SEM petrographic study of three thin sections, however, indicates that the parent samples are sandy mudstones with variable amounts of a felsic volcaniclastic component. New highquality U-Pb (SHRIMP and LA-MC-ICPMS) ages of 133 detrital zircon grains from a sample show that one grain is ca. 1880 Ma, one grain is ca. 3300 Ma, and the ages of the remaining 131 grains fall between 2690 Ma and 2429 Ma, the population averaging 2522 ± 36 Ma. The data indicate that the zircons are detrital grains derived from the ca. 2.5 Ga granitic/gneissic/greenstone basement of the Dharwar cratons that also host minor older Archean enclaves. The single 1880 Ma grain could have come from a ca. 1.9 Ga LIP. In the absence of any younger magmatic zircon, the absolute age of the Owk Shale remains elusive.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Similar content being viewed by others

References

  • Allen, V. T. (1929) Altered Tuffs in the Ordovician of Minnesota. Jour. Geol., v. 37, pp. 239–248.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Anand, M., Gibson, S. A., Subbarao, K. V., Kelley, S. P., and Dickin, A. P. (2003) Early Proterozoic melt generation processes beneath the intra-cratonic Cuddapah Basin, southern India. Jour. Petrol., v. 44, pp. 2139–2171.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Arya, B. C. and Rao, C. N. (1979) Bioturbation structures from the middle Proterozoic Narji Formation, Kurnool Group, Andhra Pradesh, India. Sediment. Geol., v. 22, pp. 127–134.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Auden, J. B. (1933) Vindhyan sedimentation in the Son Valley, Mirzapur District. Mem. Geol. Surv. India, v.62, pp.141–250.

    Google Scholar 

  • Babu, E.V.S.S.K. (2011) Provenance for Cuddapah Basin Sediments: Constraints from U-Pb-Hf-O Isotopic Composition of Zircons from the Ramallakota Conglomerate, Kurnool Subbasin, South India (Abstract): IAGR Conference Series (8th International Symposium on Gondwana to Asia “Supercontinent Dynamics: India and Gondwana”), v. 12, pp.37–38.

    Google Scholar 

  • Bickford, M. E., Basu, A., Mukherjee, A., Hietpas, J., Schieber, J., Patranabis-deb, S., Ray, R. K., Guhey, R., Bhattacharya, P., and Dhang, P. C. (2011a) New U-Pb SHRIMP Zircon Ages of the Dhamda Tuff in the Mesoproterozoic Chhattisgarh Basin, Peninsular India: Stratigraphic Implications and Significance of a 1-Ga Thermal-Magmatic Event. Jour. Geol., v.119, pp.535–548.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Bickford, M. E., Basu, A., Patranabis-Deb, S., Dhang, P. C., and Schieber, J. (2011b) Depositional history of the Chhattisgarh basin, central India: Constraints from new SHRIMP zircon ages. Jour. Geol., v.119, pp.33–50.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Chaki, A., Shivkumar, K., and Dey, S. (2008) Geochemistry and Rb-Sr geochronology of granitoids from northern parts of Bastar Craton, central India: implications to petrogenesis and geodynamics. Mem. Geol. Soc. India, no.73, pp.101–116.

    Google Scholar 

  • Chalapathi Rao, N. V., Anand, M., Dongre, A., and Osborne, I. (2010a) Carbonate xenoliths hosted by the Mesoproterozoic Siddanpalli Kimberlite Cluster (Eastern Dharwar craton): implications for the geodynamic evolution of southern India and its diamond and uranium metallogenesis. Internat. Jour. Earth Sci. (Geol Rundsch), v.99, pp. 1791–1804.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Chalapathi Rao, N. V., Dongre, A., Kamde, G., Srivastava, R. K., M. Sridhar, M., and Kaminsky, F. V. (2010b) Petrology, geochemistry and genesis of newly discovered Mesoproterozoic highly magnesian, calcite-rich kimberlites from Siddanpalli, Eastern Dharwar Craton, Southern India: products of subduction-related magmatic sources?. Mineral. Petrol., v.98, pp.313–328.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Chalapathi Rao, N. V., Miller, J. A., Gibson, S. A., Pyle, D. M., and Madhavan, V. (1999) Precise 40Ar/39Ar age determinations of the Kotakonda Kimberlite and Chelima Lamproite, India: implication to the timing of mafic dyke swarm emplacement in the eastern Dharwar Craton. Jour. Geol Soc. India, v.53, pp.425–432.

    Google Scholar 

  • Chalapathi Rao, N. V., Miller, J. A., Pyle, D. M., and Madhavan, V. (1996) New Proterozoic K-Ar ages for some kimberlites and lamproites from the Cuddapah Basin and Dharwar Craton, South India: evidence for non-contemporaneous emplacement. Precambrian Res., v.79, pp.363–369.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Chalapathi Rao, N. V., Wu, F.-Y., and Srinivas, M. (2012) Mesoproterozoic emplacement and enriched mantle derivation of the Racherla alkali syenite, Palaeo-Mesoproterozoic Cuddapah Basin, southern India: insights from in situ Sr-Nd isotopic analysis on apatite. In: Mazumder, Rajat and Saha, Dilip (Editors). Palaeoproterozoic of India. Geol. Soc. London Spec. Publ., v.365, pp. 185–195.

    Google Scholar 

  • Choudhary, A. K., Naik, A., Mukhopadhyay, D., and Gopalan, K. (1996) Rb-Sr dating of Sambalpur granodiorite, western Orissa. Jour. Geol. Soc. India, v.47, pp.503–506.

    Google Scholar 

  • Cleary, W. J. and Conolly, J. R. (1972) Embayed quartz grains in soils and their significance. Jour. Sediment. Petrol., v.42, pp.899–904.

    Google Scholar 

  • Cloud, P. (1983) Comment and Reply on ‘Are these the oldest metazoan trace fossils?’: COMMENT: Are the Medicine Peak Quartzite “dubiofossils” fluid-evasion tracks?: Geology, v.11, pp.618–a, 619.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Crawford, A. R. and Compston, W. (1973) The age of the Cuddapah and Kurnool Systems, southern India. Jour. Geol. Soc. Australia, v.19, pp.453–464.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Das, K., Yokoyama, K., Chakraborty, P. P., and Sarkar, A. (2009) Basal tuffs and contemporaneity of the Chattisgarh and Khariar Basins based on new dates and geochemistry. Jour. Geol., v.117, pp.88–102.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Das, K., Bose, S., Karmakar, S., Dunkley, D. J., and Dasgupta, S. (2011) Multiple tectonometamorphic imprints in the lower crust: first evidence of ca. 950 Ma (zircon U-Pb SHRIMP) compressional reworking of UHT aluminous granulites from the Eastern Ghats Belt, India. Geol. Jour., v. 46, p. 217–239.

    Google Scholar 

  • Dongre, A., Chalapathi Rao, N. V., and Kamde, G. (2008) Limestone xenolith in Siddanpalli Kimberlite, Gadwal Granite-Greenstone Terrain, Eastern Dharwar Craton, Southern India: Remnant of Proterozoic platformal cover sequence of Bhima/Kurnool age? Jour. Geol., v. 116, pp.184–191.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Fanning, C. M., Pankhurst, R. J., Rapela, C. W., Baldo, E. G., Casquet, C. and Galindo, C. (2004) K-bentonites in the Argentine Precordillera contemporaneous with rhyolite volcanism in the Famatinian Arc. Jour. Geol. Soc. London, v. 161, pp.747–756.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Folk, R. L. (1980) Petrology of Sedimentary Rocks. Austin, TX, Hemphill’s. 182 p.

    Google Scholar 

  • French, J. E., Heaman, L. M., Chacko, T., and Srivastava, R. K. (2008) 1891–1883 Ma Southern Bastar-Cuddapah mafic igneous events, India: A newly recognized large igneous province. Precambrian Res. v.160, pp.308–322.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Giles, A. W. (1927) The origin and occurrence in Rockbridge County, Virginia, of so-called “Bentonite”: Jour. Geol., v.35, pp.527–541.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Goetze, J. (2009) Chemistry, textures and physical properties of quartz — geological interpretation and technical application: Mineralogical Mag., v.73, pp.645–671.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Gopalan, K., Kumar, A., Kumar, S., and Vijayagopal, B. (2013) Depositional history of the Upper Vindhyan succession, central India: Time constraints from Pb-Pb isochron ages of its carbonate components: Precambrian Res., v.233, pp.108–117.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Haynes, J. T., Melson, W. G., and Kunk, M. J. (1995) Composition of biotite phenocrysts in Ordovician tephras casts doubt on the proposed trans-Atlantic correlation of the Millbrig Kbentonite (United States) and the Kinnekulle K-bentonite (Sweden). Geology, v.23, pp. 847–850.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Holland, T.H. (1913) Indian Geological Terminology. Mem. Geol. Surv. India, v.6, p. 204.

    Google Scholar 

  • Huff, W. D., Bergström, S. M., and Kolata, D. R. (2010) Ordovician explosive volcanism. Geol. Soc. Amer. Spec. Papers, v.466, pp.13–28.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Jayananda, M., Moyen, J. F., Martin, H., Peucat, J. J., Auvray, B., and Mahabaleswar, B. (2000) Late Archaean (2550–2520 Ma) juvenile magmatism in the Eastern Dharwar craton, southern India: constraints from geochronology, Nd-Sr isotopes and whole rock geochemistry: Precambrian Res., v.99, pp.225–254.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Jayananda, M., Peucat, J.-J., Chardon, D., Rao, B. K., Fanning, C. M., and Corfu, F. (2013) Neoarchean greenstone volcanism and continental growth, Dharwar craton, southern India: Constraints from SIMS U-Pb zircon geochronology and Nd isotopes. Precambrian Res., v.227, pp.55–76.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Johnsson, M. J., Stallard, R. F., and Meade, R. H. (1988) Firstcycle quartz arenites in the Orinoco River Basin, Venezuela and Colombia. Jour. Geol, v.96, pp.263–277.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Joy, S., Jelsma, H. A., Preston, R. F., Kota, S. (2012) Geology and diamond provenance of the Proterozoic Banganapalle conglomerates, Kurnool Group, India. In: R. Mazumder and D. Saha (Eds.), Palaeoproterozoic of India. Geol. Soc. London Spec. Publ., no.365, pp.197–218.

    Google Scholar 

  • Kumar, S. (2012) Stratigraphy and correlation of the Neoproterozoic deposits of central and western India: an overview. Geol. Soc. London Spec. Publ., no.366, pp.75–90.

    Google Scholar 

  • Kauffman, E. G. and Steidtmann, J. R. (1981) Are these the oldest metazoan trace fossils? Jour. Paleont., v.55, pp.923–947.

    Google Scholar 

  • Kolata, D. R., Huff. W.D., and Bergstrom, S. M. (1996) Ordovician K-bentonites of Eastern North America. Geol. Soc.f Amer. Spec. Papers, v.313, pp.1–89.

    Google Scholar 

  • Lakshminarayana, G., Bhattacharjee, S. and Kumar, A. (1999) Palaeocurrents and depositional setting in the Banganapalle Formation, Kurnool Sub-basin, Cuddapah Basin, Andhra Pradesh. Jour. Geol. Soc. India, v.53, pp.255–259.

    Google Scholar 

  • Ludwig, K. R. (2008) Isoplot 3.6 A geochronological toolkit for Microsoft Excel: Berkeley Geochronology Center Special Publication, v. 4, p. 1–77.

    Google Scholar 

  • Mahadevan, T. M. (2008) Precambrian geological and structural features of the Indian Peninsula. Jour. Geol. Soc. India, v.72, pp.35–55.

    Google Scholar 

  • Malone, S., Meert, J., Banerjee, D. M., Pandit, M., Tamrat, E., Kamenov, G. D., Pradhan, V., and Sohl, L. E. (2008) Paleomagnetism and detrital zircon geochronology of the Upper Vindhyan Sequence, Son Valley and Rajasthan, India: A ca. 1000 Ma closure age for the Purana Basins?: Precambrian Res., v.164, pp.137–159.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Manikyamba, C., Kerrich, R., González-Álvarez, I., Mathur, R., and Khanna, T. C. (2008) Geochemistry of Paleoproterozoic black shales from the intracontinental Cuddapah basin, India: implications for provenance, tectonic setting, and weathering intensity. Precambrian Res., v.162, pp.424–440.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Mehring, J. L. and Mcbride, E. F. (2007) Origin of modern quartzarenite beach sands in a temperate climate, Florida and Alabama, USA. Sedimentary Geol., v.201, pp.432–445.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Mukherjee, A., Bickford, M. E., Hietpas, J., Schieber, J., and Basu, A. (2012) Implications of a newly dated ca. 1000 Ma rhyolitic tuff in the Indravati basin, Bastar craton, India. Jour. Geol., v.120, pp.477–485.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Naqvi, S. M. (2005) Geology and the Evolution of the Indian Plate. New Delhi, Capital. 450 p.

    Google Scholar 

  • Pandey, B. K., Krishna, V., Pandey, U. K., and Sastry, D. V. L. N. (2011) Radiometric dating of uranium mineralization in the Proterozoic basins of eastern Dharwar craton, south India: Proceedings of the International Conference on Peaceful Uses of Atomic Energy — 2009, pp. 77–83.

    Google Scholar 

  • Pandey, B. K., Natarajan V., Krishna, V., and Pandit, S. A. (2008) U-Pb and Sm-Nd isotopic studies on uraniferous brecciated limestone from Bhima basin: evidence for a Mesoproterozoic U-mineralization event in southern peninsular India. In: Significant milestones in the growth of geochemistry in India during the 50 year period: 1958–2008 (Abstract Volume) Geological Society of India and Atomic Minerals Division, Hyderabad, pp. 24–25.

    Google Scholar 

  • Patranabis-Deb, S., Bickford, M. E., Hill, B., Chaudhuri, A. K., and Basu, A. (2007) SHRIMP ages of zircon in the uppermost tuff in Chattisgarh Basin in central India require ∼500 Ma adjustment in Indian Proterozoic stratigraphy. Jour. Geol., v. 115, pp.407–415.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Ramakrishnan, M. and Vaidyanadhan, R. (2008) Geology of India. Geological Society of India, Bangalore, v. 1, 552 p.

    Google Scholar 

  • Rasmussen, B., Bose, P. K., Sarkar, S., Banerjee, S., Fletcher, I. R., and Mcnaughton, N. J. (2002) 1.6 Ga U-Pb zircon age for the Chorhat Sandstone, Lower Vindhyan, India: Possible implications for early evolution of animals. Geology, v.30, pp.103–106.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Ray, J. S., Martin, M. W., Veizer, J., and Bowring, S. A. (2002) U-Pb zircon dating and Sr isotope systematics of the Vindhyan Supergroup, India. Geology, v.30, pp.131–134.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Saha, D. and Mazumder, R. (2012) An overview of the Palaeoproterozoic geology of Peninsular India, and key stratigraphic and tectonic issues. In: Mazumder, Rajat and Saha, Dilip (Eds.), Palaeoproterozoic of India. Geol. Soc. London Spec. Publ., v.365, pp.5–29.

    Google Scholar 

  • Saha, D. and Tripathy, V. (2012a) Tuff beds in Kurnool subbasin, southern India and implications for felsic volcanism in Proterozoic intracratonic basins. Geoscience Frontiers, v.3, pp.429–444.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Saha, D. and Tripathy, V. (2012b) Palaeoproterozoic sedimentation in the Cuddapah Basin, south India and regional tectonics: a review. IN: Mazumder, Rajat and Saha, Dilip (Editors), Palaeoproterozoic of India. Geol. Soc. London, Spec. Publ., v.365, pp.161–184.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Saha, D., Ghosh, G., Chakraborty, A.K., Chakraborti, S. (2006 pub. 2009) Comparable Neoproterozoic sedimentary sequences in Palnad and Kurnool subbasins and their paleogeographic and tectonic implications. Indian Jour. Geol., v.78, pp.175–192.

    Google Scholar 

  • Sell, B. K. and Samson, S. D. (2011) Apatite phenocryst compositions demonstrate a miscorrelation between the Millbrig and Kinnekulle K-bentonites of North America and Scandinavia. Geol., v.39, pp.303–306.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Sharma, M. (2008) Neoproterozoic biotic signatures in the peninsular Indian basins — An overview. Mem. Geol. Soc. India, v.74, pp.119–131.

    Google Scholar 

  • Sharma, M. and Shukla, Y. (2012a) Megascopic carbonaceous compression fossils from the Neoproterozoic Bhima Basin, Karnataka, South India. Geol. Soc. London Spec. Publ., v.366, pp.277–293.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Sharma, M. and Shukla, Y. (2012b) Occurrence of helically coiled microfossil Obruchevella in the Owk Shale of the Kurnool Group and its significance. Jour. Earth Systems Sci., v.121, pp.755–768.

    Google Scholar 

  • Tripathy, V. and Saha, D. (2010) Structure and low grade metamorphism of the east central part of the Proterozoic Nallamalai fold belt, South India — thrust stacking and discontinuous metamorphic gradients along eastern margin of east Dharwar craton. Indian Jour. Geol., v.80, pp.173–188.

    Google Scholar 

  • Srivastava, R. K., Ellam, R. M., and Gautam, G. C. (2009) Sr-Nd isotope geochemistry of the early Precambrian sub-alkaline mafic igneous rocks from the southern Bastar craton, Central India. Mineral. Petrol., v.96, pp.71–79.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Srivastava, R. K. and Gautam, G. C. (2009) Precambrian mafic magmatism in the Bastar Craton, central India. Jour. Geol. Soc. India, v.73, pp.52–72.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Vermeesch, P. (2004) How many grains are needed for a provenance study? Earth Planet. Sci. Lett., v.224, pp.441–451.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Werner, B. T. and Merino, E. (1997) Concave sand grains in eolian environments: evidence, mechanism, and modeling. Jour. Sedimentary Res., v.67, pp.754–762.

    Google Scholar 

  • Young, S. W. (1976) Petrographic textures of detrital polycrystalline quartz as an aid to interpreting crystalline source rocks. Jour. Sedimentary Petrol, v.46, pp.595–603.

    Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

Authors

Corresponding author

Correspondence to M. E. Bickford.

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Cite this article

Bickford, M.E., Saha, D., Schieber, J. et al. New U-Pb ages of zircons in the Owk Shale (Kurnool Group) with reflections on proterozoic porcellanites in India. J Geol Soc India 82, 207–216 (2013). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12594-013-0143-2

Download citation

  • Received:

  • Accepted:

  • Published:

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12594-013-0143-2

Keywords

Navigation