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Obesity and Mental Illness: Implications for Cognitive Functioning

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Abstract

A priority research and clinical agenda is to identify determinants of cognitive impairment in individuals with neuropsychiatric disorders (NPD). The bidirectional association between NPD and cognitive performance has been reported to be mediated and/or moderated by obesity in a subset of individuals. Obesity can be conceptualized as a neurotoxic phenotype among individuals with NPD as evidenced by alterations in the structure and function of neural circuits and disseminated networks, diminished cognitive performance, and adverse effects on illness trajectory. The neurotoxic effect of obesity provides a rationale for screening, treating, and preventing obesity in neuropsychiatric populations. Research endeavors that aim to refine mediators and moderators of this association as well as novel strategies to reverse the injurious process of obesity on cognition are warranted.

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Acknowledgments

No funding or sponsorship was received for this study or publication of this article. Dr McIntyre is the guarantor for this article, and takes responsibility for the integrity of the work as a whole.

Conflict of interest

RS McIntyre has received research grants from Stanley Medical Research Institute, National Alliance for Research on Schizophrenia and Depression (NARSAD), National Institutes of Mental Health, Astra Zeneca, Eli Lilly, Jannsen-Ortho, Lundbeck, Pfizer, and Shire; has served on advisory boards for Astra Zeneca, Bristol-Myers Squibb, Eli Lilly, France Foundation, GlaxoSmithKline, Janssen-Ortho, Lundbeck, Merck, Organon, Pfizer, and Shire; has served on speakers bureaus for Astra Zeneca, Eli Lilly, Janssen-Ortho, Lundbeck, Merck, Pfizer; and CME activities for Astra Zeneca, Bristol-Myers Squibb, CME Outfitters, Eli Lilly, France Foundation, I3CME, Merck, Optum Health, Pfizer, Physicians’ Postgraduate Press. M. Alsuwaidan has received research/clinical trials grants from Élan, Lundbeck, Shire, and Sunovion; honoraria from Astra Zeneca and CANMAT; and travel funds from CANMAT and Servier. D. Cha declares no conflict of interest. J. Jerrell declares no conflict of interest. J. Soczynska declares no conflict of interest. H. Woldeyohannes declares no conflict of interest. V. Taylor declares no conflict of interest. O. Kaidanovich-Beilin declares no conflict of interest. A. Ahmed declares no conflict of interest.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Psychiatry, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada

    Roger S. McIntyre & Mohammad Alsuwaidan

  2. Department of Pharmacology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada

    Roger S. McIntyre

  3. Institute of Medical Science, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada

    Roger S. McIntyre, Danielle S. Cha & Joanna K. Soczynska

  4. Mood Disorders Psychopharmacology Unit, University Health Network, 399 Bathurst Street, Toronto, M5T 2S8, ON, Canada

    Roger S. McIntyre, Danielle S. Cha, Joanna K. Soczynska, Hanna O. Woldeyohannes, Oksana Kaidanovich-Beilin & Mohammad Alsuwaidan

  5. Department of Neuropsychiatry, University of South Carolina School of Medicine, Columbia, SC, USA

    Jeanette M. Jerrell

  6. University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada

    Valerie Taylor

  7. Samuel Lunenfeld Research Institute, Mount Sinai Hospital, 600 University Avenue, Room 983, Toronto, ON, M5G 1X5, Canada

    Oksana Kaidanovich-Beilin

  8. The Permanente Medical Group, San Francisco, CA, 94115, USA

    Ameena T. Ahmed

  9. Kaiser Permanente Division of Research, San Francisco, CA, 94115, USA

    Ameena T. Ahmed

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  1. Roger S. McIntyre
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Correspondence to Roger S. McIntyre.

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McIntyre, R.S., Cha, D.S., Jerrell, J.M. et al. Obesity and Mental Illness: Implications for Cognitive Functioning. Adv Ther 30, 577–588 (2013). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12325-013-0040-5

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