Skip to main content
SpringerLink
Log in

Design optimisation of biaxial tensile test specimen using finite element analysis

  • Thematic Issue: AMPT
  • Published:
International Journal of Material Forming Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

One of the most restricting aspects of the biaxial tensile test for sheet metal is the design of the cruciform specimen. Although specimens of the cruciform type have been investigated quite extensively previously, no standard geometry for the cruciform specimen exists. Using a specifically designed pantograph apparatus for operation in a standard tensile testing machine, various cruciform specimens machined from low-carbon cold rolled steel sheet were analysed experimentally. Finite element modelling of the specimens was conducted in parallel to the experimental test programme to establish optimum specimen geometry. Through a process of optimisation, a standard cruciform specimen was designed which can be used to accurately predict the mechanical behaviour of the mild steel when formed in multiple directions simultaneously. This paper describes the optimisation process and the results obtained from both the experimental testing and numerical modelling.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Log in via an institution

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Institutional subscriptions

Fig. 1
Fig. 2
Fig. 3
Fig. 4
Fig. 5
Fig. 6
Fig. 7
Fig. 8
Fig. 9
Fig 10
Fig. 11
Fig. 12

Similar content being viewed by others

References

  1. Jones C (2001) Biaxial testing of polymer composites. Mater World 9(11):19–21

    Google Scholar 

  2. Demmerle S, Boehler JP (1993) Optimal design of biaxial tensile cruciform specimens. J Mech Phys Solid 41(1):143–181

    Article  Google Scholar 

  3. Jones C, Green, R (2001) Pulled in different directions. Mater World 19–21

  4. Ohtake Y, Rokugawa S, Masumoto H (1999) Geometry determination of cruciform type specimen and biaxial tensile test of C/C composites. Key Eng Mater 3:151–154

    Article  Google Scholar 

  5. Xiang-Dong W, Wan M, Xian-Bin Z (2005) Biaxial tensile testing of cruciform specimen under complex loading. J Mater Process Technol 168:181–183

    Article  Google Scholar 

  6. Lin SB, Ding JL, Zbib HM (1993) Characterization of yield surfaces using balanced biaxial tests of cruciform plate specimens. Scripta Metall Mater 28(5):617–622

    Article  Google Scholar 

  7. Lin SB, Ding JL (1995) Experimental study of the plastic yielding of rolled sheet metals with the cruciform plate specimen. Int J Plast 11(5):583–604

    Article  Google Scholar 

  8. Kuwabara T (2007) Advances in experiments on metal sheets and tubes in support of constitutive modeling and forming simulations. Int J Plast 23:385–419

    Article  MATH  Google Scholar 

  9. Yong Y, Wan M, Xiang-Dong W, Xian-Bin Z (2002) Design of a cruciform biaxial tensile specimen for limit strain analysis by FEM. J Mat Proc Tech 123:67–79

    Article  Google Scholar 

  10. Boehler JP, Demmerle S, Koss S (1994) A new direct biaxial testing machine for anisotropic materials. Exp Mech 34:1–9

    Article  Google Scholar 

  11. Wu XD, Wan M, Xian-Bin Z (2005) Biaxial tensile testing of cruciform specimen under complex loading. J Mater Process Tech 168:181–183

    Article  Google Scholar 

  12. Lin SB, Ding JL, Zbib HM (1993) Characterization of yield surfaces using balanced biaxial tests of cruciform plate specimens. Scr Metall Mater 28:617–622

    Article  Google Scholar 

  13. Hanabusa Y, Takizawa H, Kuwabara T (2010) Evaluation of accuracy of stress measurements determined in biaxial stress tests with cruciform specimen using numerical method. Steel Res Int 81(9):1376–1378

    Google Scholar 

  14. Makinde A, Thibodeau L, Neale KW (1992) Development of an apparatus for biaxial testing of cruciform specimens. Exp Mech 32:138–144

    Article  Google Scholar 

  15. Hannon A, Tiernan P (2008) A review of planar biaxial tensile test systems for sheet metal. J Mater Process Technol 198:1–13

    Article  Google Scholar 

  16. Kuwabara T, Ikeda S, Kuroda K (1998) Measurement and analysis of differential work hardening in cold rolled steel sheet under biaxial tension. J Mat Proc Tech 80–81:517–523

    Article  Google Scholar 

  17. Ferron G, Makinde A (1988) Design and development of a biaxial strength testing device. J Test Eval 16(3):253–256

    Article  Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Materials and Surface Science Institute, University of Limerick, Limerick, Ireland

    P. Tiernan

  2. Department of Design and Manufacturing Technology, University of Limerick, Limerick, Ireland

    P. Tiernan & A. Hannon

Authors
  1. P. Tiernan
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  2. A. Hannon
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Corresponding author

Correspondence to P. Tiernan.

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Cite this article

Tiernan, P., Hannon, A. Design optimisation of biaxial tensile test specimen using finite element analysis. Int J Mater Form 7, 117–123 (2014). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12289-012-1105-8

Download citation

  • Received:

  • Accepted:

  • Published:

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12289-012-1105-8

Keywords

Search

Navigation