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Vapor phase epitaxy of PbS single-crystal films on water-soluble substrates and application to photodetectors

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Abstract

Lead sulfide (PbS), a typical functional semiconductor material, has attracted serious attention due to its great potential in optoelectronics applications. However, controllable growth of PbS single-crystal film still remains a great challenge. Here, we report heteroepitaxial growth of large-scale highly crystalline PbS films on alkali salt (NaCl and KCl) substrates via chemical vapor deposition (CVD). Structural characterizations demonstrate that the as-grown PbS films exhibit an atomically sharp interface with the underlying substrates. The epitaxial relationships between the epilayers and substrates were determined to be PbS (100)//NaCl (100) or KCl (100), PbS [010]//NaCl [010] or KCl [010]. Owing to the high solubility of alkali salt, the epitaxial PbS films can be rapidly released from the underlying substrates and transferred to other substrates of interest while maintaining good integrity and crystallinity, the process of which is particularly attractive in the fields of electronics and optoelectronics. Furthermore, photodetectors based on the transferred PbS films were fabricated, exhibiting a high photoresponsivity of 7.5 A/W, a detectivity of 1.44 × 1012 Jones, and a rapid response time of approximately 0.25 s. This work sheds light on the batch production, green transfer, and optoelectronic application of PbS films.

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Acknowledgements

The authors gratefully acknowledge Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Intelligent Robots and Systems in Beijing Institute of Technology for the use of FIB and TEM. Financial support was provided by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 11704389), the Scientific Equipment Development Project and Youth Innovation Promotion Association Project of Chinese Academy of Sciences.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Key Laboratory of Photochemical Conversion and Optoelectronic Materials, Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, China

    Yifan Wang, Jing Xia, Xuanze Li, Fan Ru, Xuecong Wang & Xiangmin Meng

  2. Institute of Process Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, China

    Yifan Wang

  3. Centre of Material Science and Optoelectronic Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 10049, China

    Fan Ru

  4. Engineering Research Center for Semiconductor Integrated Technology, Institute of Semiconductors, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100083, China

    Xue Chen

  5. Analysis & Testing Center, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, 102488, China

    Ze Hua

  6. Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Intelligent Robots and Systems and Institute of Convergence in Medicine and Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, 100081, China

    Ruiwen Shao

  7. Center of Super-Diamond and Advanced Films (COSADF) and Department of Materials Science and Engineering, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China

    Wenjun Zhang

  8. Center of Super-Diamond and Advanced Films (COSDAF) and Department of Chemistry, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China

    Chun-Sing Lee

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  1. Yifan Wang
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  2. Jing Xia
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  3. Xuanze Li
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  11. Xiangmin Meng
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Wang, Y., Xia, J., Li, X. et al. Vapor phase epitaxy of PbS single-crystal films on water-soluble substrates and application to photodetectors. Nano Res. 15, 5402–5409 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12274-022-4101-4

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