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Phenotypic and Functional Alterations on Inflammatory Peripheral Blood Cells After Acute Myocardial Infarction

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Abstract

The frequency and function of T cells, monocytes, and dendritic cell subsets were investigated in 12 patients after acute myocardial infarction (AMI)—(T0), 1 month after the episode (T1), and in 12 healthy individuals (HG). The cell characterization and the functional studies were performed by flow cytometry and by RT-PCR, after cell sorting. The most important findings at T0 moment, when compared with T1 and HG, were: a decrease in the frequency of IL-2-producing T cells; a lower frequency of TNF-α- and IL-6-producing monocytes, myeloid dendritic cells, and CD14−/lowCD16+DCs; and a lower TNF-α mRNA expression, after sorting these cells. Moreover, the regulatory function of Treg cells, at T0 moment, was upregulated, based on the FoxP3, CTLA-4, and TGF-β mRNA expression increase. The majority of these phenotypic and functional alterations disappeared at T1. Our data demonstrate that AMI induces a significant change in the immune system homeostasis.

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Acknowledgments

The authors would like to thank Letícia Nunes, Diana Ferreira, Filipe Vilela, Liliana Oliveira, and Sofia Pereira from the Superior School of Health Technology of Coimbra for their contribution on sample processing.

Ethical Standards

The study protocol was approved by the local ethics committee. All participants gave and signed informed consent, and the principles of the Helsinki Declaration were respected.

Conflict of Interest

None are disclosed.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Histocompatibility Centre of Coimbra, Edifício São Jerónimo, 4° Piso, Praceta Mota Pinto, 3001-301, Coimbra, Portugal

    Tiago Carvalheiro, Isabel Velada, António Martinho, Maria Luísa Pais & Artur Paiva

  2. Superior School of Health Technology of Coimbra, Rua 5 de Outubro, S. Martinho do Bispo, 3046-854, Coimbra, Portugal

    Ana Valado & Fernando Mendes

  3. Cardiology Department of Coimbra University Hospital, E.P.E, Praceta Prof. Mota Pinto, 3000-075, Coimbra, Portugal

    Natália António, Lino Gonçalves & Luís Providência

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  1. Tiago Carvalheiro
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Carvalheiro, T., Velada, I., Valado, A. et al. Phenotypic and Functional Alterations on Inflammatory Peripheral Blood Cells After Acute Myocardial Infarction. J. of Cardiovasc. Trans. Res. 5, 309–320 (2012). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12265-012-9365-8

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