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Investigation of Enzymatic Hydrolysis of Coffee Silverskin Aimed at the Production of Butanol and Succinic Acid by Fermentative Processes

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Abstract

Coffee silverskin (CSS) is an agro-food waste obtained in large amount from the roasting phase of green coffee beans. Its potential use as biorefinery feedstock together with other agro-food wastes has been suggested, even though few experimental studies proved the production of bio-commodities at lab-scale from lignocellulosic sugars from CSS. The present work mainly aims at (i) the maximization of the sugar release by CSS pretreatment and hydrolysis; (ii) the fermentation of the CSS hydrolysate in order to produce butanol and succinic acid as bio-commodities having industrial interest. Alkali-pretreated CSS was enzymatically hydrolyzed in glass bottles on a rotary shaker. Biomass loading (5–12.5%w v−1) and cellulase concentration (1–80 FPU gcellulose−1) were the operating conditions investigated to maximize the sugar release. Biomass loading at 10%w v−1 gave the best results in terms of sugar concentration and sugar yield. Curve fitting of experimental data was performed: increasing of hydrolysis rate and sugar concentration was observed increasing cellulase concentration. Biomass loading at 10%w v−1 and enzyme loading at 80 FPU gcellulose−1 were applied to produce the hydrolysate to use as the medium for fermentation tests: the sugars from CSS were the only carbon source. The batch fermentations by Clostridium acetobutylicum DSM 792 and Actinobacillus succinogenes DSM 22257 were characterized in terms of metabolite and sugar conversion. Butanol (2.2 g L−1) and succinic acid (20.8 g L−1) were produced, respectively. The results highlight the possibility of using CSS to produce fermentable sugars, solvents, and biochemicals of industrial interest.

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Abbreviations

ABE:

Acetone-butanol-ethanol

AFWs:

Agro-food wastes

AIL:

Acid-insoluble lignin

ASL:

Acid-soluble lignin

CSS:

Coffee silverskin

SA:

Succinic acid

YE:

Yeast extract

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Funding

The present work has been funded by the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation program, project no. 654623 “Waste2Fuels - Sustainable production of next generation biofuels from waste streams.”

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Dipartimento di Ingegneria Chimica dei Materiali e della Produzione Industriale, Università degli Studi di Napoli Federico II, P.le V. Tecchio 80, 80125, Naples, Italy

    Saverio Niglio & Antonio Marzocchella

  2. Istituto di Ricerche sulla Combustione - Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, P.le V. Tecchio 80, 80125, Naples, Italy

    Alessandra Procentese & Maria Elena Russo

  3. Dipartimento di Scienze Chimiche, Università degli Studi di Napoli Federico II, Complesso Universitario di Monte Sant’Angelo, Via Cinthia, 80126, Naples, Italy

    Giovanni Sannia

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  1. Saverio Niglio
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  2. Alessandra Procentese
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  3. Maria Elena Russo
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  4. Giovanni Sannia
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  5. Antonio Marzocchella
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Correspondence to Maria Elena Russo.

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Niglio, S., Procentese, A., Russo, M.E. et al. Investigation of Enzymatic Hydrolysis of Coffee Silverskin Aimed at the Production of Butanol and Succinic Acid by Fermentative Processes. Bioenerg. Res. 12, 312–324 (2019). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12155-019-09969-6

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