Skip to main content
Log in

Narcissism and selfie-posting behavior: the mediating role of body satisfaction and the moderating role of attitude toward selfie-posting behavior

  • Published:
Current Psychology Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

Although recent studies have documented that narcissism is associated with selfie-posting behavior, little is known about the mediating and moderating mechanisms underlying this relation. The present study aimed to examine whether body satisfaction mediated the relation between narcissism and selfie-posting behavior, and whether this mediating process was moderated by attitude toward selfie-posting behavior. A sample of 382 Chinese young adults completed questionnaires on narcissism, body satisfaction, selfie-posting behavior, and attitude toward selfie-posting behavior. The results indicated that body satisfaction mediated the association between narcissism and selfie-posting behavior. In addition, attitude toward selfie-posting behavior moderated the relation between body satisfaction and selfie-posting behavior. Specifically, the path from body satisfaction to selfie-posting behavior was significant for individuals with positive attitude toward selfie-posting behavior, while it became nonsignificant for those with negative attitude. Findings of the present study highlight the significance of identifying the mechanisms that moderate the mediated paths between narcissism and selfie-posting behavior.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Fig. 1
Fig. 2

Similar content being viewed by others

References

  • Ajzen, I. (1991). The theory of planned behavior. Organizational Behavior and Human Decision Processes, 50(2), 179–211.

    Google Scholar 

  • Ajzen, I. (2011). The theory of planned behaviour: Reactions and reflections. Psychology & Health, 26(9), 1113–1127.

    Google Scholar 

  • Allen, M. S., & Walter, E. E. (2016). Personality and body image: A systematic review. Body Image, 19, 79–88.

    Google Scholar 

  • Barry, C. T., Doucette, H., Loflin, D. C., Rivera-Hudson, N., & Herrington, L. L. (2017). “Let me take a selfie”: Associations between self-photography, narcissism, and self-esteem. Psychology of Popular Media Culture, 6(1), 48–60.

    Google Scholar 

  • Bleske-Rechek, A., Remiker, M. W., & Baker, J. P. (2008). Narcissistic men and women think they are so hot--but they are not. Personality and Individual Differences, 45(5), 420–424.

    Google Scholar 

  • Brumfield, B. Selfie named word of the year for 2013. http://edition.cnn.com/2013/11/19/living/selfie-word-of-the-year. Accessed 20 Nov 2013.

  • Buffardi, L. E., & Campbell, W. K. (2008). Narcissism and social networking web sites. Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin, 34(10), 1303–1314.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Buss, D. M., & Chiodo, L. M. (1991). Narcissistic acts in everyday life. Journal of Personality, 59(2), 179–215.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Campbell, W. K., Rudich, E. A., & Sedikides, C. (2002). Narcissism, self-esteem, and the positivity of self-views: Two portraits of self-love. Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin, 28(3), 358–368.

    Google Scholar 

  • Carpenter, C. J. (2012). Narcissism on Facebook: Self-promotional and anti-social behavior. Personality and Individual Differences, 52(4), 482–486.

    Google Scholar 

  • Cash, T. F. (2000). Multidimensional Body–Self Relations Questionnaire (MBSRQ). Washington, D.C: American Psychological Association and Oxford University Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Chan, L. S., & Tsang, H. W. E. (2014). “Hey, look at my body!”: An exploratory study of body display on Facebook among Hong Kong young adults. International Journal of Interactive Communication Systems & Technologies, 4(1), 31–46.

    Google Scholar 

  • Chang, Y. P., & Zhu, D. H. (2011). Understanding social networking sites adoption in China: A comparison of pre-adoption and post-adoption. Computers in Human Behavior, 27(5), 1840–1848.

    Google Scholar 

  • Chua, T. H. H., & Chang, L. (2016). Follow me and like my beautiful selfies: Singapore teenage girls’ engagement in self-presentation and peer comparison on social media. Computers in Human Behavior, 55, 190–197.

    Google Scholar 

  • Crespo, H., & Bosque, I. R. (2008). The effect of innovativeness on the adoption of B2C e-commerce: A model based on the theory of planned behaviour. Computers in Human Behavior, 24(6), 2830–2847.

    Google Scholar 

  • Davis, C., Dionne, M., & Shuster, B. (2001). Physical and psychological correlates of appearance orientation. Personality and Individual Differences, 30(1), 21–30.

    Google Scholar 

  • Diefenbach, S., & Christoforakos, L. (2017). The selfie paradox: Nobody seems to like them yet everyone has reasons to take them. An exploration of psychological functions of selfies in self-presentation. Frontiers in Psychology, 8, 7.

    PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  • Fortes, L. D. S., Neves, C. M., Almeida, S. S., Ferreira, M. E. C., Fortes, L. D. S., Neves, C. M., … Ferreira, M. E. C. (2015). Disordered eating, body dissatisfaction, perfectionism, and mood state in female adolescents. Revista de Nutrição, 28(4), 371–383.

  • Fox, J., & Rooney, M. C. (2015). The dark triad and trait self-objectification as predictors of men’s use and self-presentation behaviors on social networking sites. Personality and Individual Differences, 76, 161–165.

    Google Scholar 

  • Fox, J., & Vendemia, M. A. (2016). Selective self-presentation and social comparison through photographs on social networking sites. Cyberpsychology, Behavior and Social Networking, 19(10), 593–600.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Gabriel, M. T., Critelli, J. W., & Ee, J. S. (1994). Narcissistic illusions in self-evaluations of intelligence and attractiveness. Journal of Personality, 62(1), 143–155.

    Google Scholar 

  • Gentile, B., Miller, J. D., Hoffman, B. J., Reidy, D. E., Zeichner, A., & Campbell, W. K. (2013). A test of two brief measures of grandiose narcissism: The narcissistic personality inventory-13 and the narcissistic personality inventory-16. Psychological Assessment, 25(4), 1120–1136.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Grange, D. L., Tibbs, J., & Selibowitz, J. (1995). Eating attitudes, body shape, and self-disclosure in a community sample of adolescent girls and boys. Eating Disorders, 3(3), 253–264.

    Google Scholar 

  • Hayes, A. F. (2013). Introduction to mediation, moderation, and conditional process analysis: A regression-based approach. New York: Guilford Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Holtzman, N. S., & Strube, M. J. (2010). Narcissism and attractiveness. Journal of Research in Personality, 44(1), 133–136.

    Google Scholar 

  • Jang, J. Y., Han, K., Shih, P. C., & Lee, D. (2015). Generation like: Comparative characteristics in instagram. Paper presented at the ACM Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems.

  • Kim, J. W., & Chock, T. M. (2017). Personality traits and psychological motivations predicting selfie posting behaviors on social networking sites. Telematics and Informatics, 34(5), 560–571.

    Google Scholar 

  • Kim, E., Lee, J.-A., Sung, Y., & Choi, S. M. (2016). Predicting selfie-posting behavior on social networking sites: An extension of theory of planned behavior. Computers in Human Behavior, 62, 116–123.

    Google Scholar 

  • Kuo, F. Y., & Young, M. L. (2008). Predicting knowledge sharing practices through intention: A test of competing models. Computers in Human Behavior, 24(6), 2697–2722.

    Google Scholar 

  • Ledbetter, A. M., Mazer, J. P., Degroot, J. M., Meyer, K. R., Mao, Y., & Swafford, B. (2011). Attitudes toward online social connection and self-disclosure as predictors of Facebook communication and relational closeness. Communication Research, 38(1), 27–53.

    Google Scholar 

  • Lee, J. A., & Sung, Y. (2016). Hide-and-seek: Narcissism and "selfie"-related behavior. Cyberpsychology, Behavior and Social Networking, 19(5), 347–351.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Lipowska, M., & Lipowski, M. (2015). Narcissism as a moderator of satisfaction with body image in young women with extreme underweight and obesity. PLoS One, 10(5), e0126724.

    PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  • Liu, D., & Baumeister, R. F. (2016). Social networking online and personality of self-worth: A meta-analysis. Journal of Research in Personality, 64, 79–89.

    Google Scholar 

  • McCain, J. L., Borg, Z. G., Rothenberg, A. H., Churillo, K. M., Weiler, P., & Campbell, W. K. (2016). Personality and selfies: Narcissism and the dark triad. Computers in Human Behavior, 64, 126–133.

    Google Scholar 

  • Mehdizadeh, S. (2010). Self-presentation 2.0: Narcissism and self-esteem on Facebook. Cyberpsychology, Behavior and Social Networking, 13(4), 357–364.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Morf, C. C., & Rhodewalt, F. (2001a). Expanding the dynamic self-regulatory processing model of narcissism: Research directions for the future. Psychological Inquiry, 12(4), 243–251.

    Google Scholar 

  • Morf, C. C., & Rhodewalt, F. (2001b). Unraveling the paradoxes of narcissism: A dynamic self-regulatory processing model. Psychological Inquiry, 12(4), 177–196.

    Google Scholar 

  • Oxford Dictionaries. (2013) http://www.oxforddictionaries.com/definition/english/selfie. Accessed 23 July 2015.

  • Pelling, E. L., & White, K. M. (2009). The theory of planned behavior applied to young people's use of social networking web sites. Cyberpsychology & Behavior, 12(6), 755–759.

    Google Scholar 

  • Peter, J., & Valkenburg, P. M. (2014). Does exposure to sexually explicit internet material increase body dissatisfaction? A longitudinal study. Computers in Human Behavior, 36, 297–307.

    Google Scholar 

  • Pounders, K., Kowalczyk, K. M., & Stowers, K. (2016). Insight into the motivation of selfie posting:Impression management and self-esteem. European Journal of Marketing, 50(9/10), 1879–1892.

    Google Scholar 

  • Qiu, L., Lu, J., Yang, S., Qu, W., & Zhu, T. (2015). What does your selfie say about you? Computers in Human Behavior, 52, 443–449.

    Google Scholar 

  • Ridgway, J. L., & Clayton, R. B. (2016). Instagram unfiltered: Exploring associations of body image satisfaction, Instagram# selfie posting, and negative romantic relationship outcomes. Cyberpsychology, Behavior and Social Networking, 19(1), 2–7.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Sorokowska, A., Oleszkiewicz, A., Frackowiak, T., Pisanski, K., Chmiel, A., & Sorokowski, P. (2016). Selfies and personality: Who posts self-portrait photographs? Personality and Individual Differences, 90, 119–123.

    Google Scholar 

  • Sorokowski, Sorokowska, A., Oleszkiewicz, A., Frackowiak, T., Huk, A., & Pisanski, K. (2015). Selfie posting behaviors are associated with narcissism among men. Personality and Individual Differences, 85, 123–127.

  • Sung, Y., Lee, J.-A., Kim, E., & Choi, S. M. (2016). Why we post selfies: Understanding motivations for posting pictures of oneself. Personality and Individual Differences, 97, 260–265.

    Google Scholar 

  • Van Gool, E., Van Ouytsel, J., Ponnet, K., & Walrave, M. (2015). To share or not to share? Adolescents' self-disclosure about peer relationships on Facebook. Computers in Human Behavior, 44, 230–239.

    Google Scholar 

  • Wagner, C., Aguirre, E., & Sumner, E. M. (2016). The relationship between Instagram selfies and body image in young adult women. First Monday, 21(9).

  • Weiser, E. B. (2015). #Me: Narcissism and its facets as predictors of selfie-posting frequency. Personality and Individual Differences, 86, 477–481.

    Google Scholar 

  • Wright, P. J., Tokunaga, R. S., Kraus, A., & Klann, E. (2017). Pornography consumption and satisfaction: A meta-analysis. Human Communication Research, 43(3), 315–343.

    Google Scholar 

Download references

Acknowledgements

The present study was supported by the Key Research Institute in Humanities and Social Sciences of the Ministry of Education (Academy of Psychology and Behavior, Tianjin Normal University) (14JJD190005) and the Key Project of Social Science Fund of Beijing, China (15SHA005). There is no financial interest.

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

Authors

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Li Lei.

Ethics declarations

Ethical Approval

All procedures performed in studies involving human participants were in accordance with the ethical standards of the institutional and/or national research committee and with the 1964 Helsinki declaration and its later amendments or comparable ethical standards.

Informed Consent

Informed consent was obtained from all individual participants included in the study.

Conflict of Interest

On behalf of all authors, the corresponding author states that there is no conflict of interest.

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Check for updates. Verify currency and authenticity via CrossMark

Cite this article

Wang, Y., Xie, X., Wang, X. et al. Narcissism and selfie-posting behavior: the mediating role of body satisfaction and the moderating role of attitude toward selfie-posting behavior. Curr Psychol 39, 665–672 (2020). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12144-018-9795-9

Download citation

  • Published:

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12144-018-9795-9

Keywords

Navigation