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The risk of malignancies in patients receiving hematopoietic stem cell transplantation: a systematic review and meta-analysis

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A Correspondence to this article was published on 17 April 2020

Abstract

Introduction

Hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) is widely used in the treatment of malignant and non-malignant diseases. Due to advances in the number of survivors of this treatment, the number of survivors is increasing, but the late complications of this therapeutic approach such as secondary cancers have been long term and have not been fully controlled.

Methods

The present meta-analysis study was performed by considering English-language articles in the databases including Web of Science, Scopus and PubMed. This meta-analysis included cohort studies that reported an incidence of cancer following stem cell transplantation (SCT). Random/fixed effect size meta-analyses were used to standardize the incidence ratio for different cancers.

Results

22 studies that evaluated patients receiving SCT (n = 270,063) were included in the study. The study found 9233 cases of cancer after transplantation. Meta-analysis showed that the risk of cancer after SCT was SIR = 1.66 (95% CI 1.47–1.86). The most common cancers observed in SCT recipients were bone tissue, head and neck cancers, and melanoma, with SIRs of 10.04 (3.48–16.61), 6.35 (4.76–7.93) and 3.52 (2.65–4.39), respectively.

Conclusion

The meta-analysis findings showed that the risk of secondary cancers after HSCT was significantly increased in most types of cancers. Consequently, diagnostic tests for common cancers should be included in the screening program of these patients for the prevention and early detection of high-risk cancers.

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Acknowledgements

Authors thank Dr. Nelson Chao for valuable comments that greatly improved the manuscript.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Student Research Committee, School of Medicine, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran

    K. Heydari & P. Lotfi-Foroushani

  2. Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, Student Research Committee, School of Allied Medical Science, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran

    A. Shamshirian

  3. Gastrointestinal Cancer Research Center, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran

    K. Heydari, A. Shamshirian, A. Hedayatizadeh-Omran, M. Ahmadi, G. Janbabei, E. Zaboli & R. Alizadeh-Navaei

  4. Belfer Center for Applied Cancer Science, Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA

    A. Aref

  5. Department of Medicine, Islamic Azad University, Tonekabon Branch, Tonekabon, Iran

    S. Keyhanian

  6. Babol University of Medical Sciences, Babol, Iran

    S. M. Ghasemzadeh

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  1. K. Heydari
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Correspondence to R. Alizadeh-Navaei.

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Heydari, K., Shamshirian, A., Lotfi-Foroushani, P. et al. The risk of malignancies in patients receiving hematopoietic stem cell transplantation: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Clin Transl Oncol 22, 1825–1837 (2020). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12094-020-02322-w

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12094-020-02322-w

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