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Comparative Immunophenotypic Characteristics, Proliferative Features, and Osteogenic Differentiation of Stem Cells Isolated from Human Permanent and Deciduous Teeth with Bone Marrow

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Abstract

To find out differences and similarities in phenotypic, proliferative, and trans-differentiation properties of stem cells isolated from pulp of deciduous (SHEDs) and permanent (DPSCs) teeth with human bone marrow stem cells (BMSCs), we examined the expression of mesenchymal and embryonic stem cell markers in relation to the proliferation and osteogenic differentiation potentials of these cells. In this way, after isolating SHEDs, DPSCs, and BMSCs, cell proliferation was evaluated and population doubling time was calculated accordingly. Expression patterns of mesenchymal, hematopoietic, and embryonic stem cell markers were assessed followed by examining differentiation potential toward osseous tissue through alizarin red staining and qRT-PCR. Based on the results, the proliferation rates of SHEDs and DPSCs were significantly higher than that of BMSCs (P < 0.0001). High expression of mesenchymal stem cell markers and weak expression of hematopoietic markers were observed in all the three groups. The mean expression of OCT-4 was significantly higher in SHEDs and DPSCs (P = 0.028), while the expression of SSEA-4 was lower (P = 0.006) compared to BMSCs. Osteogenic differentiation potential of SHEDs was greater than DPSCs; however, it was lower than that of BMSCs. Conclusively, the distinctive immunophenotyping, proliferation rate, and differentiation pattern of SHEDs and DPSCs discriminate these cells from BMSCs. Furthermore, dissimilarity in differentiation potential is evidence implying that SHEDs might be more primitive stem cell population compared to DPSCs.

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Acknowledgments

The authors would like to thank Ms Zahra Ghaempanah for her invaluable assistance.

Source of Financial Support

This research was funded and supported by a grant from Tehran University of Medical Sciences (TUMS); Grant No. 92-02-69-19971 and Avicenna Research Institute. No external funding, apart from the support of the authors’ institutions, was available for this study. TUMS and Avicenna Research Institute had no involvement in the study design, data collection, analysis and interpretation, writing of the report, manuscript preparation, or the decision to submit the article for publication.

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    Authors and Affiliations

    1. Department of Dental Biomaterials, School of Dentistry/Dental Research Centre, Dentistry Research Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Ghods St., Keshavarz Blvd, P.O. Box: 14155-5583, Tehran, 14174, Iran

      Farzaneh Aghajani

    2. Department of Dental Biomaterials, School of Dentistry/Research Center for Science and Technology in Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, North Karegar St, Tehran, Iran

      Tabassom Hooshmand

    3. Reproductive Biotechnology Research Centre, Avicenna Research Institute, ACECR, P.O. Box 19615-1177, Tehran, Islamic Republic of Iran

      Manijeh Khanmohammadi, Sayeh Khanjani, Haleh Edalatkhah & Somaieh Kazemnejad

    4. Nanobiotechnology Research Centre, Avicenna Research Institute, ACECR, Tehran, Iran

      Amir-Hassan Zarnani

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    1. Farzaneh Aghajani
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    Correspondence to Somaieh Kazemnejad.

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    The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest and they do not have any financial or personal relationships with other people or organizations that could inappropriately influence (bias) the work.

    Informed Consent

    All samples were collected under a protocol approved by the Medical Ethics Committee of Tehran University of Medical Sciences (TUMS) and Avicenna Research Institute. Informed consent was obtained from the donors and/or parents of the donors according to guidelines of the Medical Ethics Committee, Ministry of Health, I.R. of Iran. The extraction of teeth and bone marrow aspiration was in the treatment plan of donors. People involved in diagnosis and treatment planning had no participation in the present study.

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    Manijeh Khanmohammadi and Sayeh Khanjani have contributed equally.

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    Aghajani, F., Hooshmand, T., Khanmohammadi, M. et al. Comparative Immunophenotypic Characteristics, Proliferative Features, and Osteogenic Differentiation of Stem Cells Isolated from Human Permanent and Deciduous Teeth with Bone Marrow. Mol Biotechnol 58, 415–427 (2016). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12033-016-9941-2

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