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The role of MSCT angiography in early detection of lower limb arterial lesions in patients with antiphospholipid syndrome

  • Novel Aspects in Lupus, 2017
  • Published:
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Abstract

Antiphospholipid syndrome (APS) is an autoimmune disease which is characterized by arterial and venous thromboses, fetal loss, and the presence of antiphospholipid antibodies in the serum. It is characterized by accelerated atherosclerosis. Increased tendency towards thrombosis leads to the occurrence of various vascular events. The objective of our study was to determine if there are subclinical changes on lower limb arteries in APS patients and what the best diagnostic choice for their establishment is. In this study, we analyzed 50 patients with primary antiphospholipid syndrome (PAPS) and 50 patients, who have secondary antiphospholipid syndrome (SAPS). The results were compared to 50 controls. The groups were comparable with respect to age, gender, and traditional risk factors except for the lipid status, since controls had significantly higher levels of cholesterol and triglycerides. Study was conducted on 64-multi-slice computed tomography (64-MSCT), where we analyzed quantitative and morphological characteristics of blood vessel-detected lesions. Patients from the control group had statistically very significant elevated cholesterol and triglyceride levels in regard to the patients with SAPS and PAPS (p < 0.001 and p < 0.05). Analyzing percentage of diameter stenosis, we have established that lesions from group with 0–30% diameter stenosis (DS) in patients with PAPS (n = 47) and SAPS (n = 39) are more common than that in control group (n = 3, p < 0.001). The incidence of lesions higher than 70% DS in control group (n = 74) was statistically significant than that in patients with SAPS (n = 74, p < 0.05), while very statistically significant than that in patients with PAPS (n = 48, p < 0.001). Analyzing the qualitative characteristics of plaques, we have established significant higher frequency of soft tissue (n = 32) and mixed lesions (n = 36) in patients with PAPS than the calcified one (n = 7, p < 0.001). Our study showed that the subclinical manifestation of changes on lower extremity arteries is more common in patients with APS. Because of its safety and accuracy, the method of choice is 64-MSCT angiography in monitoring disease progression.

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Acknowledgements

We thank all patients who participated in this study and our colleagues from many clinics in Serbia. This work was supported by research grant number 175041 for 2011–2014, issued by the Ministry of Science of the Republic of Serbia.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Institute for Cardiovascular Diseases, Clinical Center of Serbia, Belgrade, Serbia

    Jovica Saponjski

  2. Internal Medicine, “Bezanijska Kosa”, University Medical Center, Belgrade, Serbia

    Ljudmila Stojanovich

  3. School of Medicine, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia

    Jelena Petrovic

  4. Center for Radiology and MRI, Clinical Center of Serbia, Belgrade, Serbia

    Dusan Saponjski

Authors
  1. Jovica Saponjski
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  2. Ljudmila Stojanovich
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  3. Jelena Petrovic
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  4. Dusan Saponjski
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Correspondence to Dusan Saponjski.

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Saponjski, J., Stojanovich, L., Petrovic, J. et al. The role of MSCT angiography in early detection of lower limb arterial lesions in patients with antiphospholipid syndrome. Immunol Res 65, 482–486 (2017). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12026-016-8887-6

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12026-016-8887-6

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