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Generation of immunogenic and tolerogenic clinical-grade dendritic cells

  • Current Immunology Research at Jefferson
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Abstract

Immunotherapy with dendritic cells (DCs), which have been manipulated ex vivo to become immunogenic or tolerogenic, has been tested in clinical trials for disease therapy. DCs are sentinels of the immune system, which after exposure to antigenic or inflammatory signals and crosstalk with effector CD4+ T cells express high levels of costimulatory molecules and cytokines. Upregulation of either costimulatory molecules or cytokines promotes immunologic DCs, whereas their downregulation generates tolerogenic DCs (TDCs), which induce T regulatory cells (Tregs) and a state of tolerance. Immunogenic DCs are used for the therapy of infectious diseases such as HIV-1 and cancer, whereas tolerogenic DCs are used in treating various autoimmune diseases and in transplantation. DC vaccination is still at an early stage, and improvements are mainly needed in quality control of monitoring assays to generate clinical-grade DC products and to assess the effect of DC vaccination in future clinical trials. Here, we review the recent work in DC generation and monitoring approaches for DC-based trials with immunogenic or tolerogenic DCs.

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Acknowledgment

We are very grateful to K. Regan for editing the manuscript.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Neurology, Jefferson Hospital for Neuroscience, Thomas Jefferson University, 900 Walnut Street, JHN 300, Philadelphia, PA, 19107, USA

    Tahereh Kalantari, Bogoljub Ciric, Alireza Faridar, Hui Xu & Abdolmohamad Rostami

  2. Immunology Department and Autoimmune Diseases Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran

    Eskandar Kamali-Sarvestani

  3. Transplant Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran

    Mohamad H. Karimi

  4. Shiraz School of Veterinary Medicine, PO Box: 71345-3341, Shiraz, Iran

    Mohsen Kalantari

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  1. Tahereh Kalantari
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Correspondence to Abdolmohamad Rostami.

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Kalantari, T., Kamali-Sarvestani, E., Ciric, B. et al. Generation of immunogenic and tolerogenic clinical-grade dendritic cells. Immunol Res 51, 153–160 (2011). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12026-011-8255-5

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