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Comparing the Influences of Selenium Nanospheres, Sodium Selenite, and Biological Selenium on the Growth Performance, Blood Biochemistry, and Antioxidative Capacity of Growing Turkey Pullets

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Abstract

Supplementation of selenium in poultry feed is required in an optimum dose and form for optimizing the growth performance and health status. Selenium nanospheres are suggested as an efficient and alternative to the conventional organic or inorganic forms. The study evaluated the effects of selenium (Se) nanospheres (SeNPs) as an alternative to organic Se (Sel-Plex®) or inorganic Se (sodium selenite, Se(IV Se(IV)) on the growth performance, carcass traits, blood biochemistry, and antioxidative capacity in turkey pullets. A total of 160 1-day-old Bronze turkey poults chicks were divided into four groups with 40 pullets each. The birds were fed on four types of diets as fellow: control (basal diet, 0.01 Se mg/kg), SeNPs (0.43 Se mg/kg), organic Se Sel-Plex® (0.41 Se mg/kg), and inorganic Se(IV) (0.42 Se mg/kg) for 8 weeks. No changes were seen in the body weight gain in growing turkey pullet, but chicks fed with Sel-Plex® form recorded the lowest feed intake (p < 0.05) compared to other treatments. Dietary SeNPs and Se(IV) selenium sources improved the feed conversion ratio compared to other treatments. All Se forms fed on turkey pullets showed higher carcass percentage weight and liver Se content than the control group. However, the gizzard percentage weight in the SeNPs group was lower than in the other treatments (p < 0.05). Birds fed SeNPs, and Sel-Plex® forms supplemental diets had a lower cholesterol concentration (p < 0.05) than the control and Se(IV). While high-density lipoprotein (HDL) concentration was increased in SeNPs and Se(IV) groups, and total protein concentration was higher in the Se(IV) group. Furthermore, dietary SeNPs reduced (p < 0.05) the low-density lipoprotein (LDL), total lipids, triglycerides, alanine aminotransferase (ALT), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), creatine, uric acid, urea, and malondialdehyde plasma concentrations and increased the glutathione peroxidase activity (GPx) and total antioxidative capacity (TAC). In conclusion, the results confirmed that feeding turkey pullets on SeNPs form with the 0.4 Se mg/kg of feed enhanced feed efficiency, growth performance, carcass traits, plasma lipids concentration, and antioxidative capacity.

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The datasets generated during and/or analyzed during the current study are available from the corresponding author on reasonable request.

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Acknowledgements

This work was financially supported by the project “Biological production of nano selenium spheres and its application in livestock production” by the National Strategy for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, Academy of Scientific Research and Technology, Egypt. The work was funded by Taif University Researchers Supporting Project number (TURSP-2020/76), Taif University, Taif, Saudi Arabia.

Funding

This work was financially supported by the project “Biological production of nano selenium spheres and its application in livestock production” by the National Strategy for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, Academy of Scientific Research and Technology, Egypt. The work was funded by Taif University Researchers Supporting Project number (TURSP-2020/76), Taif University, Taif, Saudi Arabia.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Animal Production Research Institute, Agriculture Research Center, Giza, Egypt

    Samya E. Ibrahim

  2. Department of Poultry Production, Faculty of Agriculture, Kafrelsheikh University, Kafrelsheikh, 33516, Egypt

    Mohammed H. Alzawqari & Yahya Z. Eid

  3. Department of Animal Production, Faculty of Agriculture and Food Sciences, Ibb University, 70270, Ibb, Yemen

    Mohammed H. Alzawqari

  4. Department of Dairy Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Kafrelsheikh University, Kafrelsheikh, 33516, Egypt

    Mohsen Zommara

  5. Department of Biotechnology, College of Science, Taif University, P.O. Box 11099, Taif, 21944, Saudi Arabia

    Aziza M. Hassan

  6. Department of Animal Production, Faculty of Agriculture, Kafrelsheikh University, Kafrelsheikh, 33512, Egypt

    Mahmoud A. O. Dawood

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  1. Samya E. Ibrahim
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Contributions

Conceptualization: Samya E. Ibrahim, Mohammed H. Alzawqari, Yahya Z. Eid, and Mohsen Zommara. Data curation: Samya E. Ibrahim, Mohammed H. Alzawqari, and Yahya Z. Eid. Formal analysis: Samya E. Ibrahim and Mohammed H. Alzawqari. Funding acquisition: Samya E. Ibrahim, Mohammed H. Alzawqari, Yahya Z. Eid, Mohsen Zommara, Aziza M. Hassan, and Mahmoud A.O. Dawood. Methodology: Samya E. Ibrahim, Mohammed H. Alzawqari, Yahya Z. Eid, Mohsen Zommara, Aziza M. Hassan, and Mahmoud A.O. Dawood. Resources: Samya E. Ibrahim, Mohammed H. Alzawqari, Yahya Z. Eid, Mohsen Zommara, Aziza M. Hassan, and Mahmoud A.O. Dawood. Supervision: Yahya Z. Eid, Mohsen Zommara, and Mahmoud A.O. Dawood. Writing—original draft: Yahya Z. Eid, Mohsen Zommara, and Mahmoud A.O. Dawood. Writing—review and editing: Aziza M. Hassan and Mahmoud A.O. Dawood. All authors have read and agreed to the published version of the manuscript.

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Correspondence to Yahya Z. Eid or Mahmoud A. O. Dawood.

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The experimental procedure was approved by the ethics review board of the Institutional Animal Care and Use Committee in Kafrelsheikh University (Kafrelsheikh, Egypt).

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Ibrahim, S.E., Alzawqari, M.H., Eid, Y.Z. et al. Comparing the Influences of Selenium Nanospheres, Sodium Selenite, and Biological Selenium on the Growth Performance, Blood Biochemistry, and Antioxidative Capacity of Growing Turkey Pullets. Biol Trace Elem Res 200, 2915–2922 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12011-021-02894-w

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