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Effects of Exogenous Zinc on Cell Cycle, Apoptosis and Viability of MDAMB231, HepG2 and 293 T Cells

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Abstract

As a non-toxic metal to humans, zinc is essential for cell proliferation, differentiation, regulation of DNA synthesis, genomic stability and mitosis. Zinc homeostasis in cells, which is crucial for normal cellular functioning, is maintained by various protein families including ZnT (zinc transporter/SLC30A) and ZIP (Zrt-, Irt-like proteins/SLC39A) that decrease and increase cytosolic zinc availability, respectively. In this study, we investigated the influences of a specific concentration range of ZnSO4 on cell cycle and apoptosis by flow cytometry, and cell viability by MTT method in MDAMB231, HepG2 and 293 T cell lines. Fluorescent sensors NBD-TPEA and the counterstain for nuclei Hoechst 33342 were used to stain the treated cells for observing the localisation and amount of Zn2+ via laser scanning confocal microscope. It was found that the influence manners of ZnSO4 on cell cycle, apoptosis and cell viability in various cell lines were different and corresponding to the changes of Zn2+ content of the three cell lines, respectively. The significant increase on intracelluar zinc content of MDAMB231 cells resulted in cell death, G1 and G2/M cell cycle arrest and increased apoptotic fraction. Additionally, the mRNA expression levels of ZnT and ZIP families in the three cell lines, when treated with high concentration of ZnSO4, increased and decreased corresponding to their functions, respectively.

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Acknowledgements

This work was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (90913012, 81072712, 21275069, 21121091 and J1103512) and the National Basic Research Program of China (973 program, 2011CB911003 and 2009CB421601). The authors also thank Dr. Zhong Zhuang for his assistance in confocal imaging.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. State Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Life Science, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering and Center of Materials Analysis, Nanjing University, 22 Hankou Road, Nanjing, 210093, China

    Yan-hong Wang, Xin Hu, Wen-jie Zhao & Hong-zhen Lian

  2. State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, School of Life Science, Nanjing University, 22 Hankou Road, Nanjing, 210093, China

    Ke-jin Li, An Hu & Wei-juan Zheng

  3. School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, 140 Hanzhong Road, Nanjing, 210029, China

    Li Mao

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  1. Yan-hong Wang
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  2. Ke-jin Li
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  3. Li Mao
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  4. Xin Hu
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  5. Wen-jie Zhao
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  6. An Hu
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  7. Hong-zhen Lian
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  8. Wei-juan Zheng
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Correspondence to Hong-zhen Lian or Wei-juan Zheng.

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Yan-hong Wang and Ke-jin Li contributed equally to this work.

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Wang, Yh., Li, Kj., Mao, L. et al. Effects of Exogenous Zinc on Cell Cycle, Apoptosis and Viability of MDAMB231, HepG2 and 293 T Cells. Biol Trace Elem Res 154, 418–426 (2013). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12011-013-9737-1

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12011-013-9737-1

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