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Determination of the Cytotoxicity and Antibiofilm Potential Effect of Equisetum arvense Silver Nanoparticles

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Abstract

This study aimed to synthesize and characterize silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) by green synthesis from Equisetum arvense (Ea) extracts and to investigate their cytotoxicity, antibiofilm activity, and α-glucosidase enzyme inhibition. Diverse characterization techniques were applied to verify the production of nanoparticles. SEM examination confirmed that the size of nanoparticles is in the range of 40–60 nm. Also, interactions between silver and natural compounds of plant extract were confirmed through FT-IR and EDX analyses. It was determined that Equisetum arvense silver nanoparticles had antibiofilm activity against three different clinical strains with high biofilm-forming ability. AgNPs reduced the biofilm-forming capacity of clinical A. baumannii isolate with strong biofilm-forming capacity by approximately twofold, while the capacity of clinical K.pneumonaie and E.coli isolates decreased by 1.5 and 1.2 fold, respectively. The α-glucosidase enzyme inhibition potential of the AgNPs, which is determined as 93.50%, was higher than the plant extract with, and the α- 30.37%. MTT was performed to assess whether incubation of nanoparticles with A549 and ARPE-19 cell lines affected their viability, and a dramatic reduction in cell growth inhibition of both A549 and ARPE-19 cells was observed. It has been shown that A549 cells treated with 200 and 150 µg/mL nanoparticles had less cell proliferation compared to control cells at 24-h and 48-h incubation time. According to these results, Ea-derived AgNPs appear to have potential anticancer activity against A549 cancer cells. Investigating the effects of green synthesis nanoparticles on microbial biofilm and various tumors may be important for developing new therapies. The outcomes of this study have showed that Ea-AgNPsmay have a high potential both in the treatment of pathogenic strains that form biofilms, as well as in anticancer therapy use.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Genetics and Bioengineering, Faculty of Engineering and Natural Sciences, Gumushane University, 29100, Gümüşhane, Turkey

    Zeynep Akar & Azer Özad Düzgün

  2. Department of Genetics and Bioengineering, Faculty of Engineering, Alanya Alaaddin Keykubat University, Alanya/Antalya, Turkey

    Seref Akay

  3. Department of Medical Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Recep Tayyip Erdoğan University, Rize, Turkey

    Nebahat Ejder

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  1. Zeynep Akar
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  2. Seref Akay
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  3. Nebahat Ejder
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  4. Azer Özad Düzgün
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Contributions

AÖD and ZA synthesis and characterization experiments of the nanoparticle; they also performed antibiofilm activity assays and enzyme activity testing. ŞA analyzed the nanoparticle characterization. Anticancer experiments by N. All authors contributed to the study conception, design, and to the writing of the article.

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Correspondence to Azer Özad Düzgün.

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Akar, Z., Akay, S., Ejder, N. et al. Determination of the Cytotoxicity and Antibiofilm Potential Effect of Equisetum arvense Silver Nanoparticles. Appl Biochem Biotechnol 196, 909–922 (2024). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12010-023-04587-7

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