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Nutritional Supplementation with Amino Acids on Bacterial Cellulose Production by Komagataeibacter intermedius: Effect Analysis and Application of Response Surface Methodology

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Abstract

Bacterial cellulose (BC) is a biopolymer mainly produced by acetic acid bacteria (AAB) that has several applications in the medical, pharmaceutical, and food industries. As other living organisms, AAB require sources of chemical elements and nutrients, which are essential for their multiplication and metabolite production. So, the knowledge of the nutritional needs of microorganisms that have important industrial applications is necessary for the nutrients to be supplied in the appropriate form and amount. Considering that the choice of different nutrients as nitrogen source can result in different metabolic effects, this work aimed to verify the effects of amino acid supplementation in the culture media for BC production by an AAB strain (Komagataeibacter intermedius V-05). For this, nineteen amino acids were tested, selected, and optimized through a Plackett and Burman factorial design and central composite design to determine the optimal concentrations of each required amino acid. Membranes produced under optimal conditions were characterized in relation to chemical structure and properties by X-ray diffraction (XRD), thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), and hydrophilic properties. Three amino acids had a significant positive effect and were required: aspartic acid (1.5 g L−1), phenylalanine (1.5 g L−1), and serine (3.0 g L−1). Conversely, all sulfur and positively charged amino acids had a negative effect and reduced the production yield. After optimization and validation steps, a production level of 3.02 g L−1 was achieved. Membranes produced from optimized media by this strain presented lower crystallinity index but greater thermal and hydrophilic properties than those produced from standard HS medium.

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Acknowledgements

We would like to thank “Laboratório de Espectroscopia (ESPEC)” and “Laboratório de Difração de Raios X (LabDRX)” of the State University of Londrina for providing equipment and assistance in the chemical characterization analyses.

Funding

We thank “Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq)” for providing scholarship to Rodrigo J. Gomes (grant number: 142380/2017–2) and research fellowship to Wilma A. Spinosa (grant number: 307846/2020–2).

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  1. Department of Food Science and Technology, State University of Londrina, Londrina, PR, CEP 86057-970, Brazil

    Rodrigo José Gomes, Elza Iouko Ida & Wilma Aparecida Spinosa

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  1. Rodrigo José Gomes
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Rodrigo J. Gomes: methodology, formal analysis and investigation, writing (original draft preparation); Elza I. Ida: writing (review and editing); Wilma A. Spinosa: conceptualization, funding acquisition, supervision.

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Correspondence to Wilma Aparecida Spinosa.

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Gomes, R.J., Ida, E.I. & Spinosa, W.A. Nutritional Supplementation with Amino Acids on Bacterial Cellulose Production by Komagataeibacter intermedius: Effect Analysis and Application of Response Surface Methodology. Appl Biochem Biotechnol 194, 5017–5036 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12010-022-04013-4

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