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Structural Characterization and Comparison of Switchgrass Ball-milled Lignin Before and After Dilute Acid Pretreatment

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Abstract

To reduce the recalcitrance and enhance enzymatic activity, dilute H2SO4 pretreatment was carried out on Alamo switchgrass (Panicum virgatum). Ball-milled lignin was isolated from switchgrass before and after pretreatment. Its structure was characterized by 13C, HSQC, and 31P NMR spectroscopy. It was confirmed that ball-milled switchgrass lignin is of HGS type with a considerable amount of p-coumarate and felurate esters of lignin. The major ball-milled lignin interunit was the β-O-4 linkage, and a minor amount of phenylcoumarin, resinol, and spirodienone units were also present. As a result of the acid pretreatment, there was 36% decrease of β-O-4 linkage observed. In addition to these changes, the S/G ratio decreases from 0.80 to 0.53.

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Acknowledgement

The BioEnergy Science Center (BESC) is a U.S. Department of Energy Bioenergy Research Center supported by the Office of Biological and Environmental Research in the DOE Office of Science. The authors would like to gratefully acknowledge the financial support from DOE Office of Biological and Environmental Research through the BioEnergy Science Center (DE-AC05-00OR22725). The authors also would like to thank the valuable discussions of Dr. Sannigrahi and Bassem B. Hallac for this manuscript.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. School of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, USA

    Reichel Samuel & Arthur J. Ragauskas

  2. Institute of Paper Science and Technology, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, USA

    Yunqiao Pu & Arthur J. Ragauskas

  3. Biosciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN, USA

    Babu Raman

  4. BioEnergy Science Center, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN, USA

    Reichel Samuel, Yunqiao Pu, Babu Raman & Arthur J. Ragauskas

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  1. Reichel Samuel
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Correspondence to Arthur J. Ragauskas.

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Samuel, R., Pu, Y., Raman, B. et al. Structural Characterization and Comparison of Switchgrass Ball-milled Lignin Before and After Dilute Acid Pretreatment. Appl Biochem Biotechnol 162, 62–74 (2010). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12010-009-8749-y

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