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Biological Regulation of Bone Quality

  • Bone Quality in Osteoporosis (MD Grynpas and JS Nyman, Section Editors)
  • Published:
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Abstract

The ability of bone to resist fracture is determined by the combination of bone mass and bone quality. Like bone mass, bone quality is carefully regulated. Of the many aspects of bone quality, this review focuses on biological mechanisms that control the material quality of the bone extracellular matrix (ECM). Bone ECM quality depends upon ECM composition and organization. Proteins and signaling pathways that affect the mineral or organic constituents of bone ECM impact bone ECM material properties, such as elastic modulus and hardness. These properties are also sensitive to pathways that regulate bone remodeling by osteoblasts, osteoclasts, and osteocytes. Several extracellular proteins, signaling pathways, intracellular effectors, and transcription regulatory networks have been implicated in the control of bone ECM quality. A molecular understanding of these mechanisms will elucidate the biological control of bone quality and suggest new targets for the development of therapies to prevent bone fragility.

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Acknowledgements

This research was supported by NIH R01 DE019284. I would like to acknowledge the many colleagues, collaborators, and trainees who have welcomed and joined me in the gap between the biomechanics and the molecular biology of bone to study these important questions.

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Conflict of Interest

T. Alliston declares that she has no conflicts of interest.

Human and Animal Rights and Informed Consent

This article does not contain any studies with human or animal subjects performed by any of the authors.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, University of California San Francisco, 513 Parnassus Avenue, Room S-1155, San Francisco, CA, 94143-0514, USA

    Tamara Alliston

  2. Department of Bioengineering and Therapeutic Sciences, San Francisco, CA, USA

    Tamara Alliston

  3. Department of Otolaryngology and Head and Neck Surgery, San Francisco, CA, USA

    Tamara Alliston

  4. Eli and Edythe Broad Center for Regeneration Medicine and Stem Cell Research, San Francisco, CA, USA

    Tamara Alliston

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Correspondence to Tamara Alliston.

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Alliston, T. Biological Regulation of Bone Quality. Curr Osteoporos Rep 12, 366–375 (2014). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11914-014-0213-4

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11914-014-0213-4

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