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Recent Research Advances in Renin-Angiotensin-Aldosterone System Receptors

  • Prevention of Hypertension: Public Health Challenges (Y Yano, Section Editor)
  • Published:
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Abstract

Purpose of Review

The renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system (RAAS) plays important roles in regulating blood pressure and body fluid, which contributes to the pathophysiology of hypertension and cardiovascular/renal diseases. However, accumulating evidence has further revealed the complexity of this signal transduction system, including direct interactions with other receptors and proteins. This review focuses on recent research advances in RAAS with an emphasis on its receptors.

Recent Findings

Both systemically and locally produced angiotensin II (Ang II) bind to Ang II type 1 receptor (AT1R) and elicit strong biological functions. Recent studies have shown that Ang II–induced activation of Ang II type 2 receptor (AT2R) elicits the opposite functions to those of AT1R. However, accumulating evidence has now expanded the components of RAAS, including (pro)renin receptor, angiotensin-converting enzyme 2, angiotensin 1–7, and Mas receptor. In addition, the signal transductions of AT1R and AT2R are regulated by not only Ang II but also its receptor-associated proteins such as AT1R-associated protein and AT2R-interacting protein. Recent studies have indicated that inappropriate activation of local mineralocorticoid receptor contributes to cardiovascular and renal tissue injuries through aldosterone-dependent and -independent mechanisms.

Summary

Since the mechanisms of RAAS signal transduction still remain to be elucidated, further investigations are necessary to explore novel molecular mechanisms of the RAAS, which will provide alternative therapeutic agents other than existing RAAS blockers.

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We thank Mitchell Arico from Edanz Group (www.edanzediting.com/ac) for editing a draft of this manuscript.

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  1. Cardiovascular and Metabolic Disorders Program, Duke-NUS Medical School, Singapore, Singapore

    Kengo Azushima

  2. Department of Medical Science and Cardiorenal Medicine, Yokohama City University Graduate School of Medicine, Yokohama, Japan

    Kengo Azushima & Kouichi Tamura

  3. Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Kagawa University, Takamatsu, Kagawa, Japan

    Norihiko Morisawa & Akira Nishiyama

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Azushima, K., Morisawa, N., Tamura, K. et al. Recent Research Advances in Renin-Angiotensin-Aldosterone System Receptors. Curr Hypertens Rep 22, 22 (2020). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11906-020-1028-6

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