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Diabetes and Cardiovascular Disease: an Update

  • Other Forms of Diabetes and Its Complications (JJ Nolan and H Thabit, Section Editors)
  • Published:
Current Diabetes Reports Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

Purpose of Review

Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is the leading cause of mortality in people with diabetes. Our aim was to review the pathophysiology of CVD in diabetes, review related landmark trials, and discuss the cardiovascular benefit of glucose-lowering agents. We have also discussed the role of controversial anti-platelet therapy.

Recent Findings

Recent studies have shown the impact of glucose-lowering agents on CVD in people with diabetes. Statins are now recommended for all patients with diabetes over the age of 40 regardless of the LDL level given the cardiovascular benefit of these drugs. Current recommendations suggest a blood pressure < 130/80 for individuals with high cardiovascular risk.

Summary

Cardiovascular risk reduction should be an important part of the management of diabetes. Focusing solely on glycemic control may not be the best therapeutic strategy. Multifactorial risk reduction should be taken into account. Lipid-lowering agents and anti-hypertensives should be a corner stone of treatment of diabetes. With currently available data, glucose-lowering agents with cardiovascular benefit should be started early in the disease process.

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Acknowledgments

The authors would like to thank Brenda Hunter for her assistance in preparing this review by helping with the figure.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Medicine, Division of Endocrinology, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO, USA

    Rajaa Almourani, Bhavana Chinnakotla, Richa Patel, L. Romayne Kurukulasuriya & James Sowers

  2. Harry S Truman VA Hospital, Columbia, MO, USA

    James Sowers

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  1. Rajaa Almourani
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  4. L. Romayne Kurukulasuriya
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Correspondence to L. Romayne Kurukulasuriya or James Sowers.

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Rajaa Almourani, Bhavana Chinnakotla, Richa Patel, L. Romayne Kurukulasuriya, and James Sowers declare that they have no conflict of interest.

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Almourani, R., Chinnakotla, B., Patel, R. et al. Diabetes and Cardiovascular Disease: an Update. Curr Diab Rep 19, 161 (2019). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11892-019-1239-x

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