Skip to main content
Log in

Characterizing exemplary mathematics instruction in Japanese classrooms from the learner’s perspective

  • Original Article
  • Published:
ZDM Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

This paper aims to examine key characteristics of exemplary mathematics instruction in Japanese classrooms. The selected findings of large-scale international studies of classroom practices in mathematics are reviewed for discussing the uniqueness of how Japanese teachers structure and deliver their lessons and what Japanese teachers value in their instruction from a teacher’s perspective. Then an analysis of post-lesson video-stimulated interviews with 60 students in three “well-taught” eighth-grade mathematics classrooms in Tokyo is reported to explore the learners’ views on what constitutes a “good” mathematics lesson. The co-constructed nature of quality mathematics instruction that focus on the role of students’ thinking in the classroom is discussed by recasting the characteristics of how lessons are structured and delivered and what experienced teachers tend to value in their instruction from the learner’s perspective. Valuing students’ thinking as necessary elements to be incorporated into the development of a lesson is the key to the approach taken by Japanese teachers to develop and maintain quality mathematics instruction.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Fig. 1

Similar content being viewed by others

References

  • Becker, J. P., Silver, E. A., Kantowski, M. G., Travers, K. J., & Wilson, J. W. (1990). Some observations of mathematics teaching in Japanese elementary and junior high schools. The Arithmetic Teacher, 38, 12–21.

    Google Scholar 

  • Bishop, A. J., Seah, W. T., & Chin, C. (2003). Values in mathematics teaching—The hidden persuaders? In A. J. Bishop, M. A. Clements, C. Keitel, J. Kilpatrick, & F. K. S. Leung (Eds.), Second international handbook of mathematics education (pp. 717–765). Dordrecht: Kluwer Academic Publisher.

    Google Scholar 

  • Carpenter, T. P. & Peterson, P. L. (1988). Learning through instruction: The study of students’ thinking during instruction in mathematics. Educational Psychologist (Special Issues: Learning Mathematics from Instruction), 23(2), 79–85.

  • Clarke, D. J. (2006). The LPS research design. In D. J. Clarke, C. Keitel, & Y. Shimizu (Eds.), Mathematics classrooms in twelve countries: The insider’s perspective, Rotterdam: Sense Publishers.

  • Clarke, D., Emanuelsson, J., Jablonka, E., & Mok, I. A. C. (Eds.). (2006). Making connections: Comparing mathematics classrooms around the world. Rotterdam: Sense Publishers.

    Google Scholar 

  • Clarke, D., Keitel, C., & Shimizu, Y. (2006). The learners’ perspective study. In D. Clarke, C. Keitel, & Y. Shimizu (Eds.), Mathematics classrooms in twelve countries: The insider’s perspective (pp. 1–14). Rotterdam: Sense Publishers.

    Google Scholar 

  • Clarke, D., Mesiti, C., O’Keefe, C., Jablonka, E., Mok, I. A. C., & Shimizu, Y. (2007). Addressing the challenge of legitimate international comparisons of classroom practice. International Journal of Educational Research, 46, 280–293. doi:10.1016/j.ijer.2007.10.009.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Fernandez, C., & Yoshida, M. (2004). Lesson study: A Japanese approach to improving mathematics teaching and learning. Mahwah, NJ: Lawrence Erlbaum Associates.

    Google Scholar 

  • Hiebert, J., Gallimore, R., Garnier, H., Givvin, K. B., Hollingsworth, H., Jacobs, J., et al. (2003). Teaching mathematics in seven countries: Results from the TIMSS 1999 video study. U.S. Department of Education. Washington, DC: National Center for Education Statistics.

    Google Scholar 

  • Lewis, C. (1995). Educating hearts and minds: Reflections on Japanese preschool and elementary education. New York: Cambridge University Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Shimizu, Y. (1999). Aspects of mathematics teacher education in Japan: Focusing on teachers’ role. Journal of Mathematics Teacher Education, 2(1), 107–116. doi:10.1023/A:1009960710624.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Shimizu, Y. (2002). Lesson study: What, why, and how? In H. Bass, Z. P. Usiskin, & G. Burrill (Eds.), Studying classroom teaching as a medium for professional development: Proceedings of a U.S.–Japan workshop (pp. 53–57, 154–156). Washington, DC: National Academy Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Shimizu, Y. (2006a). Discrepancies in perceptions of mathematics lessons between teacher and the students in Japanese classrooms. In D. Clarke, C. Keitel, & Y. Shimizu (Eds.), Mathematics classrooms in twelve countries: The insider’s perspective (pp. 183–194). Rotterdam: Sense Publishers.

    Google Scholar 

  • Shimizu, Y. (2006b). How do you conclude today’s lesson? The form and functions of “Matome” in mathematics lessons. In D. Clarke, J. Emanuelsson, E. Jablonka, & I. A. C. Mok (Eds.), Making connections: Comparing mathematics classrooms around the world (pp. 127–145). Rotterdam: Sense Publishers.

    Google Scholar 

  • Stigler, J. W., & Perry, M. (1988). Cross cultural studies of mathematics teaching and learning: Recent findings and new directions. In D. A. Grouws & T. J. Cooney (Eds.) Perspectives on research on effective mathematics teaching. Mahwah, NJ.: Lawrence Erlbaum Associates & Reston, VA: National Council of Teachers of Mathematics.

  • Stigler, J. W., Gonzales, P., Kawanaka, T., Knoll, S., & Serrano, A. (1999). The TIMSS videotape classroom study: Methods and findings from an exploratory research project on eighth-grade mathematics instruction in Germany, Japan, and the United States. Washington, DC: U.S. Government Printing Office.

    Google Scholar 

  • Stigler, J. W., & Hiebert, J. (1999). The teaching gap: Best ideas from the world’s teachers for improving education in the classroom. New York, NY: Free Press.

    Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

Authors

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Yoshinori Shimizu.

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Cite this article

Shimizu, Y. Characterizing exemplary mathematics instruction in Japanese classrooms from the learner’s perspective. ZDM Mathematics Education 41, 311–318 (2009). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11858-009-0172-x

Download citation

  • Accepted:

  • Published:

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11858-009-0172-x

Keywords

Navigation