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Oxidation of CoCrFeMnNi High Entropy Alloys

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Abstract

Eight model high entropy alloys (HEAs) in the CoCrFeMnNi family (including one alloy each in the CoCrFeNi and CoFeMnNi subfamilies) were made, prepared, and exposed to laboratory air for 1100 h at 650°C and 750°C. Two commercial alloys, nickel-base superalloy 230 (N06230) and austenitic stainless steel 304H (S30409), were simultaneously exposed for comparison. Mass change oxidation kinetics were measured and cross-sections of exposed samples were observed. Seven of these HEAs contained much more Mn (12–24 wt.%) than is found in commercial heat-resistant stainless steels and superalloys. The oxidation resistance of CoCrFeNi was excellent and comparable to 304H at 650°C and only slightly worse at 750°C. The thin oxide scale on CoCrFeNi was primarily Cr oxide (presumably Cr2O3) with some Mn oxide at the outer part of the scale. The CoCrFeMnNi HEAs all experienced more rapid oxidation than CoCrFeNi and, especially at 750°C, experienced oxide scale spallation. The addition of Y in the alloy to lower S improved the oxidation resistance of these HEAs. Alloy CoFeMnNi, without Cr, experienced much higher oxidation rates and scale spallation than the Cr-containing alloys. A linear regression analysis of the log of the parabolic rate constant, log(kp), as functions of wt.% Cr and Mn found a good correlation for the compositional dependence of the oxidation rate constant, especially at 650°C. Mn was found to be more detrimental increasing log(k p) than Cr was helpful reducing log(k p). If CoCrFeMnNi HEAs are to be used in high temperature oxidizing environments, then examining lower levels of Mn, while maintaining Cr levels, should be pursued.

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Acknowledgements

This work was funded by the Cross-Cutting Technologies Program at the National Energy Technology Laboratory (NETL) – Strategic Center for Coal, managed by Robert Romanosky (Technology Manager) and Charles Miller (Technology Monitor). The Research was executed through NETL’s Office of Research and Development’s Innovative Process Technologies (IPT) Field Work Proposal. This report was prepared as an account of work sponsored by the United States Government. Neither the United States Government nor any agency thereof, nor any of their employees, makes any warranty, express or implied, or assumes any legal liability or responsibility for the accuracy, completeness, or usefulness of any information, apparatus, product, or process disclosed, or represents that its use would not infringe privately owned rights. Reference herein to any specific commercial product, process, or service by trade name, trademark, manufacturer, or otherwise does not necessarily constitute or imply its endorsement, recommendation, or favoring by the United States Government or any agency thereof.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. National Energy Technology Laboratory, 1450 Queen Ave SW, Albany, OR, 97321, USA

    Gordon R. Holcomb, Joseph Tylczak & Casey Carney

  2. AECOM, 1450 Queen Ave SW, Albany, OR, 97321, USA

    Casey Carney

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  1. Gordon R. Holcomb
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Correspondence to Gordon R. Holcomb.

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Holcomb, G.R., Tylczak, J. & Carney, C. Oxidation of CoCrFeMnNi High Entropy Alloys. JOM 67, 2326–2339 (2015). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11837-015-1517-2

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11837-015-1517-2

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