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Improved in vitro regeneration, genetic fidelity analysis, antioxidant potential, and hairy root induction of Justicia gendarussa Burm. f

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Abstract

Justicia gendarussa Burm. f. is an indispensable medicinal plant owing to its abundance of phytoconstituents and medicinal uses. In the study, we demonstrated the successful in vitro regeneration of J. gendarussa through nodal explants and its genetic and phytochemical analysis. A combination of 2 mg L-1 BA + 0.1 mg L-1 NAA + 15 mg L-1 spermidine was found to be reliable in producing the maximum number of multiple shoots (16.6) and vigorous roots in Murashige and Skoog medium. Rooted shoots have been efficiently hardened and then slowly acclimatized to natural conditions. SPAR-based genetic fidelity checking revealed the true-to-type nature of in vitro regenerated plants with little variations by generating 105 bands through amplification of 15 primers. Furthermore, the protocol followed for in vitro culture was strengthened by the comparative determination of Total Phenolic Content (TPC), Total Flavonoid Content (TFC), and Antioxidant Potential (AP). Methanolic extracts of in vitro plants showed higher amounts of TPC, TFC, and AP when compared to in vivo plants which might be due to the influence of plant growth hormones. Thus the in vitro regeneration protocol derived would vitally expedite large scale production of true to type plantlets of J. gendarussa. In addition, an attempt was made for the first time to devise a suitable protocol for the induction of hairy roots from this plant using two Agrobacterium rhizogenes strains which would lead to enhanced production of important anti-HIV metabolites of the plant such as gendarussin A, B and so on.

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Acknowledgement

Financial support in the form of Basic Science Research Fellow from University Grants Commission (UGC) to the first author is greatly acknowledged (Order No. F.4-1/2006 (BSR)/7-326/2011(BSR). The authors sincerely acknowledge the computational and Bioinformatics facility provided by the Alagappa University Bioinformatics Infrastructure Facility (funded by DBT, GOI; File No. BT/BI/25/012/2012,BIF). The authors also thankfully acknowledge RUSA 2.0 [F. 24-51/2014-U, Policy (TN Multi-Gen), Dept of Edn, GOI], DST-FIST (Grant No. SR/FST/LSI-639/2015(C)), UGC-SAP (Grant No. F.5-1/2018/DRS-II(SAP-II)), and DST-PURSE (Grant No. SR/PURSE Phase 2/38 (G)) for providing instrumentation facilities.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Biotechnology, Alagappa University, Karaikudi, 630 004, Tamil Nadu, India

    Muthiah Joe Virgin Largia, Subramani Pandian, Jayabalan Shilpha, Muniyarajan Chitradevi, Manickam Kavikkuil & Manikandan Ramesh

  2. Department of Botany, St. Xavier’s College, Palayamkottai, 627 002, Tamil Nadu, India

    Muthiah Joe Virgin Largia

  3. Department of Agricultural Biotechnology, National Institute of Agricultural Sciences, Rural Development Administration, Jeonju, 54874, Republic of Korea

    Subramani Pandian & Soo-In Sohn

  4. Department of Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences, Pondicherry University, Puducherry, 605 014, India

    Jayabalan Shilpha

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  1. Muthiah Joe Virgin Largia
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Largia, M.J.V., Pandian, S., Shilpha, J. et al. Improved in vitro regeneration, genetic fidelity analysis, antioxidant potential, and hairy root induction of Justicia gendarussa Burm. f. Plant Biotechnol Rep 16, 621–632 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11816-022-00775-9

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