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Eco-friendly adsorption of dye pollutants by palygorskite in aqueous effluents: Experimental and computational studies

  • Environmental Engineering
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Abstract

Palygorskite clay mineral (Pal) was employed in the removal of Congo red (CR) and methylene blue (MB) dyes pollutants in aqueous effluents by the adsorption process. The materials, Pal raw and acid Pal (Apal), were characterized by SEM, EDX, XRD, XFR, FTIR, XPS and Raman spectroscopy techniques that evidenced the main active sites of clay mineral. Characterization data indicated that acid treatment caused a leaching process of metallic cations on the Pal surface. As result, the maximum adsorption capacity was increased from 11.3 to 120.5 mg·g−1 and from 2.7 to 238.1 mg·g−1 for MB and CR dyes, respectively. The regeneration result after five cycles was of 75% recovered to MB adsorption into Apal. Semi-empirical quantum mechanical (SQM) calculations were performed to identify the mechanism of interaction between the Pal surface and dyes. High correlation (R2>0.99) was observed for the experimental data using the pseudo-second-order kinetic model, that were confirmed by computed enthalpy values (−298.7 to −84.5 kJ·mol−1), suggesting a chemisorption process as the determining step. Furthermore, the experimental and computational results indicated that the Pal also could work removing efficiently two dyes simultaneously with an adsorption capacity of 37.2 and 40.4 mg·g−1 for MB and CR, respectively.

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Acknowledgements

The authors acknowledge the support provided by the Post-Graduate Chemistry Program (PPGQ/UFRN), the Energetic Technologies Research Group, and the Central Analitica (IQ/UFRN) and to the High-Performance Computing Center at UFRN (NPAD/UFRN). This study was partly financed by the Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior — Brasil (CAPES) — Finance Code 001.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Institute of Chemistry, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, Energetic Technologies Research Group, 59078-900, Natal, Brazil

    Anne Beatriz Figueira Câmara, Rafael Viana Sales, Clenildo de Longe, Thiago Medeiros Chianca & Luciene Santos de Carvalho

  2. Mineral Technology Center, 21941-908, University City, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil

    Rosangela Dala Possa

  3. Xingu Study Institute, Federal University of the South and Southeast of Pará, 68380-000, São Félix do Xingu-PA, Belém, Brazil

    Luiz Carlos Bertolino

  4. Laboratory of Computational Chemistry, Institute of Chemistry, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, 59078-900, Natal, Brazil

    Carlos Vital dos Santos Júnior & Miguel Angelo Fonseca de Souza

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  1. Anne Beatriz Figueira Câmara
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  2. Rafael Viana Sales
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  3. Carlos Vital dos Santos Júnior
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Correspondence to Anne Beatriz Figueira Câmara or Luciene Santos de Carvalho.

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Câmara, A.B.F., Sales, R.V., dos Santos Júnior, C.V. et al. Eco-friendly adsorption of dye pollutants by palygorskite in aqueous effluents: Experimental and computational studies. Korean J. Chem. Eng. 39, 1805–1820 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11814-022-1101-8

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11814-022-1101-8

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