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Characterization of the genes involved in nitrogen cycling in wastewater treatment plants using DNA microarray and most probable number-PCR

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Abstract

To improve nitrogen removal performance of wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs), it is essential to understand the behavior of nitrogen cycling communities, which comprise various microorganisms. This study characterized the quantity and diversity of nitrogen cycling genes in various processes of municipal WWTPs by employing two molecular-based methods:most probable number-polymerase chain reaction (MPN-PCR) and DNA microarray. MPN-PCR analysis revealed that gene quantities were not statistically different among processes, suggesting that conventional activated sludge processes (CAS) are similar to nitrogen removal processes in their ability to retain an adequate population of nitrogen cycling microorganisms. Furthermore, most processes in the WWTPs that were researched shared a pattern:the nirS and the bacterial amoA genes were more abundant than the nirK and archaeal amoA genes, respectively. DNA microarray analysis revealed that several kinds of nitrification and denitrification genes were detected in both CAS and anaerobic-oxic processes (AO), whereas limited genes were detected in nitrogen removal processes. Results of this study suggest that CAS maintains a diverse community of nitrogen cycling microorganisms; moreover, the microbial communities in nitrogen removal processes may be specific.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Division of Sustainable Energy and Environmental Engineering, Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka University, 2-1 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka, 565-0871, Japan

    Junqin Pang, Masami Matsuda, Masashi Kuroda, Daisuke Inoue, Kazunari Sei & Michihiko Ike

  2. International Research Centre for River Basin Environment, University of Yamanashi, 4-3-11 Takeda, Kofu, Yamanashi, 400-8511, Japan

    Kei Nishida

Authors
  1. Junqin Pang
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  2. Masami Matsuda
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  3. Masashi Kuroda
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  4. Daisuke Inoue
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  5. Kazunari Sei
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  6. Kei Nishida
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  7. Michihiko Ike
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Correspondence to Michihiko Ike.

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Pang, J., Matsuda, M., Kuroda, M. et al. Characterization of the genes involved in nitrogen cycling in wastewater treatment plants using DNA microarray and most probable number-PCR. Front. Environ. Sci. Eng. 10, 7 (2016). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11783-016-0846-x

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11783-016-0846-x

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