Abstract
This work focuses on the uniqueness of rate-dependency, creep and stress relaxation behaviors for soft clays under one-dimensional condition. An elasto-viscoplastic model is briefly introduced based on the rate-dependency of preconsolidation pressure. By comparing the rate-dependency formulation with the creep based formulation, the relationship between rate-dependency and creep behaviors is firstly described. The rate-dependency based formulation is then extended to derive an analytical solution for the stress relaxation behavior with defining a stress relaxation coefficient. Based on this, the relationship between the rate-dependency coefficient and the stress relaxation coefficient is derived. Therefore, the uniqueness between behaviors of rate-dependency, creep and stress relaxation with their key parameters is obtained. The uniqueness is finally validated by comparing the simulated rate-dependency of preconsolidation pressure, the estimated values of secondary compression coefficient and simulations of stress relaxation tests with test results on both reconstituted Illite and Berthierville clay.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
GRAHAM J, CROOKS J H A, BELL A L. Time effects on the stress-strain behavior of natural soft clays [J]. Géotechnique, 1983, 33(3): 327–340.
LEROUEIL S, KABBAJ M, TAVENAS F. Study of the validity of a σ′v-ɛ v-dɛ v/dt model in site conditions [J]. Soils and Foundations, 1988, 28(3): 13–25.
LEROUEIL S, KABBAJ M, TAVENAS F, BOUCHARD R. Stress-strain-strain-rate relation for the compressibility of sensitive natural clays [J]. Géotechnique, 1985, 35(2): 159–180.
NASH D F T, SILLS G C, DAVISON L R. One-dimensional consolidation testing of soft clay from Bothkennar [J]. Géotechnique, 1992, 42(2): 241–256.
KIM Y T, LEROUEIL S. Modeling the viscousplastic behavior of clays during consolidation: Application to Berthierville clay in both laboratory and field conditions [J]. Canadian Geotechnical Journal, 2001, 38(3): 484–497.
KARSTUNEN M, YIN Z Y. Modelling time-dependent behavior of Murro test embankment [J]. Géotechnique, 2010, 60(10): 735–749.
YIN Z Y, KARSTUNEN M. Modelling strain-rate-dependency of natural soft clays combined with anisotropy and destructuration [J]. Acta Mechanica Solida Sinica, 2011, 24(3): 216–230.
YIN Z Y, CHANG C S, KARSTUNEN M, HICHER P Y. An anisotropic elastic viscoplastic model for soft clays [J]. International Journal of Solids and Structures, 2010, 47(5): 665–677.
YIN Z Y, KARSTUNEN M, HICHER P Y. Evaluation of the influence of elasto-viscoplastic scaling functions on modelling time-dependent behavior of natural clays [J]. Soils and Foundations, 2010, 50(2): 203–214.
YIN Z Y, KARSTUNEN M, WANG J H, YU C. Influence of features of natural soft clay on the behavior of embankment [J]. Journal of Central South University of Technology, 2011, 18(5): 1667–1676.
YIN Z Y, KARSTUNEN M, CHANG C S, KOSKINEN M, LOJANDER M. Modeling time-dependent behavior of soft sensitive clay [J]. ASCE Journal of Geotechnical and Geoenvironmental Engineering, 2011, 137(11): 1103–1113.
YIN Z Y, WANG J H. A one-dimensional strain-rate based model for soft structured clays [J]. Science China Technological Sciences, 2012, 55(1): 90–100.
ADACHI T, OKA F. Constitutive equations for normally consolidated clay based on elasto-viscousplasticity [J]. Soils and Foundations, 1982, 22(4): 57–70.
KUTTER B L, SATHIALINGAM N. Elastic-viscousplastic modelling of the rate-dependent behavior of clays [J]. Géotechnique, 1992, 42(3): 427–441.
VERMEER P A, STOLLE D F A, BONNIER P G. From the classical theory of secondary compression to modern creep analysis [C]// Proceedings of the 9th International Conference on Computer Methods and Advances in Geomechanics. Wuhan, China, 1997: 2469–2478.
LEONI M, KARSTUNEN M, VERMEER P A. Anisotropic creep model for soft soils [J]. Géotechnique, 2008, 58(3): 215–226.
WANG L Z, YIN Z Y. Stress-dilatancy of natural soft clay under undrained creep condition [J]. ASCE International Journal of Geomechanics, 2013, doi: 10.1061/(ASCE)GM.1943-5622.0000271.
YIN Z Y, XU Q, YU C. Elastic viscoplastic modeling for natural soft clays considering nonlinear creep [J]. ASCE International Journal of Geomechanics, 2013, doi: 10.1061/(ASCE)GM.1943-5622.0000284.
YIN Z Y, YIN J H, HUANG H W. Rate-dependent and long-term yield stress and strength of soft Wenzhou marine clay: experiments and modelling [J]. Marine Georesources & Geotechnology, 2015, 33(1): 79–91.
LACERDA W, HOUSTON W. Stress relaxation in soils [C]// Proceedings of the 8th International Conference on Soil Mechanics and Foundation Engineering, Moscow: 1973: 221–227.
FODIL A, ALOULOU W, HICHER P Y. Viscoplastic behavior of soft clay [J]. Géotechnique, 1997, 47(3): 581–591.
YIN Z Y, HICHER P Y. Identifying parameters controlling soil delayed behavior from laboratory and in situ pressuremeter testing [J]. International Journal for Numerical Methods in Geomechanics, 2008, 32: 1515–1535.
YIN J H, GRAHAM J. Viscousus elastic plastic modelling of one-dimensional time dependent behavior of clays [J]. Canadian Geotechnical Journal, 1989, 26(2): 199–209.
YANG X L, HUANG F. Collapse mechanism of shallow tunnel based on nonlinear Hoek-Brown failure criterion [J]. Tunnelling and Underground Space Technology, 2011, 26(6): 686–691.
YANG X L, WANG J M. Ground movement prediction for tunnels using simplified procedure [J]. Tunnelling and Underground Space Technology, 2011, 26(3): 462–471.
YANG X L, ZHANG J H, JIN Q Y, MA J Q. Analytical solution to rock pressure acting on three shallow tunnels subjected to unsymmetrical loads [J]. Journal of Central South University, 2013, 20(2): 528–535.
YANG X L, JIN Q Y, MA J Q. Pressure from surrounding rock of three shallow tunnels with large section and small spacing [J]. Journal of Central South University, 2012, 19(8): 2380–2385.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Additional information
Foundation item: Projects(41372285, 41272317, 51278449, 51238009) supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China; Project (20110073120012) supported by Research Fund for the Doctoral Program of Higher Education of China; Project(PIAPP-GA-2011-286397) supported by the European Program CREEP
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Zhu, Qy., Yin, Zy., Xu, Cj. et al. Uniqueness of rate-dependency, creep and stress relaxation behaviors for soft clays. J. Cent. South Univ. 22, 296–302 (2015). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11771-015-2521-y
Received:
Accepted:
Published:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11771-015-2521-y