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Relationship between seed mass and linolenic acid in progeny of crosses between cultivated and wild soybean

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Journal of the American Oil Chemists' Society

Abstract

Soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merr.] oil from current commercial cultivars typically contains ca. 8% linolenic acid (18:3). Applications of plant biotechnology have enabled plant breeders to develop germplasm having as low as 2.0% 18:3. Oils that are naturally low in 18:3 exhibited improved flavor characteristics and greater oxidative stability in high-temperature frying applications compared to hydrogenated soybean oil. As an extension of that research, efforts are underway to characterize genes in soybean that govern expression of higher than normal 18:3 concentration. Such oils may be of interest to the oleochemicals industry for various nonfood applications. Relatively high 18:3 in seed oil is a characteristic trait of the ancestor of modern soybean cultivars, Glycine soja (Sieb. and Zucc.). Accessions of this species have rarely been utilized in soybean improvement, and thus represent a virtually untapped genetic resource for genes governing 18:3 synthesis. We have hybridized cultivated soybean with wild soybean plant introductions. F3:4 seed from the resultant G. max × G. soja populations exhibited a wide segregation pattern for 18:3 and seed mass. A strong negative association was found between 18:3 concentration and seed mass. Oil concentration was positively correlated with seed mass. Evaluation of glycerolipid composition revealed that high 18:3 was not associated with an altered proportion of phospholipid and triacylglycerol among lines segregating for seed mass. Thus, smaller seed mass may be a convenient trait to distinguish future soybean cultivars with highly polyunsaturated oils from other cultivars in production.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Crop Science, North Carolina State University, 27695-7631, Raleigh, NC

    V. R. Pantalone (Research Associate)

  2. Cooperative Research Center for Plant Science, 2601, Canberra, ACT, Australia

    G. J. Rebetzke

  3. USDA, ARS, North Carolina State University, 27695-7620, Raleigh, North Carolina

    R. F. Wilson & J. W. Burton

Authors
  1. V. R. Pantalone
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  2. G. J. Rebetzke
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  3. R. F. Wilson
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  4. J. W. Burton
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Pantalone, V.R., Rebetzke, G.J., Wilson, R.F. et al. Relationship between seed mass and linolenic acid in progeny of crosses between cultivated and wild soybean. J Amer Oil Chem Soc 74, 563–568 (1997). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11746-997-0181-2

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11746-997-0181-2

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