Abstract
The liver oils of six different shark species have been analyzed by supercritical fluid chromatography (SFC). The liver oils were from the species Pseudotriakis microdon (False catshark), Centroscymnus coelepsis (Portuguese dogfish), Centrophorus squanosus (Leafscalp gulper shark), Deanea calceus (Birdbeak dogfish), Etmopterus princips (Greater lantern shark), and Centroscymnus crepidater (Longnose velvet dogfish). The method was capable of direct quantitation of squalene and cholesterol, while quantitation of triacylglycerols, cholesterol esters, and diacylglycerol ethers required thin-layer chromatographic fractionation prior to SFC analysis. The iodine values of the liver oil samples gave a linear correlation when plotted against the squalene content found by SFC. The variation of squalene content within one shark species is large, and there are large differences in squalene content from species to species. The squalene contents varied between 0.22 and 82.54 wt%. The identity of the glycerol ethers was investigated by SFC of the unsaponifiable matter. The major glycerol ethers contained chimyl, batyl, and selachyl alcohol.
This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
Merck, Squalene, The Merck Index, Darmstadt, 9th edn., 1976.
Mangold, H.K., and F. Palthauf, Ether Lipids, in Biochemical and Biomedical Aspects, Academic Press, New York, 1983.
Christie, W.W., Lipid Analysis, 2nd edn., Pergamon Press, Oxford, 1982.
Steel, R., Sharks of the World, Blandford Press, Dorset, 1985.
Batista, I., and M.L. Nunes, Characterization of Shark Liver Oils, Fisheries Research 14:329–334 (1992).
Ackman, R.G., C.A. Eaton, and C. Litchfield, Composition of Wax Esters, Triglycerides, and Diacyl Glyceryl Ethers in the Jaw and Blubber Fats of Amazon River Dolphin (Inia geoffrensis), Lipids 6:69–77 (1969).
Peyronel, D., J. Artaud, M.C. Iatrides, P. Rancurel, and J.L. Chevalier, Fatty Acid and Squalene Compositions of Mediterranean Centrophorus SPP Egg and Liver Oils in Relation to Age, Ibid.:643–648 (1984).
Litchfield, C., A.J. Greenberg, R.G. Ackman, and C.A. Eaton, Distinctive Medium-Chain Wax Esters, Triglycerides, and Diacyl Glyceryl Ethers in the Head Fats of the Pacific Beaked Whale, Berardius bairdi, Ibid.:860–866 (1987).
Bordier, C.G., N. Sellier, A.P. Foucault, and F. Le Goffic, Characterization and Purification of Fatty Acid Methyl Esters from the Liver Oil of the Deep Sea Shark (Centrophorus squasmus) by Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry and Countercurrent Chromatography, Chromatographia 39:329–338 (1994).
Wood, R., and F. Snyder, Gas-Liquid Chromatographic Analysis of Long-Chain Isomeric Glyceryl Monoethers, Lipids 1:62–72 (1966).
Schmid, H.O., P.C. Bandi, and K.L. Su, Analysis and Quantification of Ether Lipids by Chromatographic Methods, J. Chrom. Sci. 13:478–486 (1975).
AOAC, Squalene in Oils and Fats, AOAC Official Methods of Analysis, Association of Official Analytical Chemists, Washington, D.C., 1990.
AOCS Official Methods and Recommended Practices, American Oil Chemists’ Society, edited by David Firestone, American Oil Chemists’ Society, 1989, Method Ca-6b-53.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
About this article
Cite this article
Borch-Jensen, C., Magnussen, M.P. & Mollerup, J. Capillary supercritical fluid chromatographic analysis of shark liver oils. J Amer Oil Chem Soc 74, 497–503 (1997). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11746-997-0171-4
Received:
Accepted:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11746-997-0171-4