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A Maternal High Fat Diet Has Long-Lasting Effects on Skeletal Muscle Lipid and PLIN Protein Content in Rat Offspring at Young Adulthood

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Lipids

Abstract

A maternal high fat diet (HFD) can have adverse effects on skeletal muscle development. Skeletal muscle PLIN proteins (PLIN2, 3 and 5) are thought to play critical roles in lipid metabolism, however effects of HFD on PLIN and lipases (HSL, ATGL, CGI-58) in mothers as well as their offspring have yet to be investigated. The primary objective of this study was to determine whether maternal HFD would influence skeletal muscle lipase and PLIN protein content in offspring at weaning (19d) and young adulthood (3mo). Female rats (28d old, n = 9/group) were fed control (CON, AIN93G, 7 % soybean oil) or HFD (AIN93G, 20 % lard) for 10 weeks prior to mating and throughout pregnancy and lactation. All offspring were weaned to CON [n = 18/group, 1 female and 1 male pup per litter were studied at weaning (19d) and 3mo of age]. There was no effect of sex for the main outcomes measured in plantaris, therefore male and female data was combined. Maternal HFD resulted in higher triacylglycerol content in pups at 3mo (p < 0.05), as well as in the dams (p = 0.015). Maternal HFD resulted in higher PLIN5 content in pups at weaning and 3mo (p = 0.05). PLIN2 and PLIN5 content decreased at 3mo versus weaning (p < 0.001). HFD dams had a higher PLIN3 content (p = 0.016). Diet had no effect on ATGL, CGI-58, or HSL content. In conclusion, exposure to a maternal HFD resulted in higher skeletal muscle lipid and PLIN5 content in plantaris of offspring through to young adulthood.

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Abbreviations

HFD:

High fat diet

PLIN:

Perilipin

ATGL:

Adipose triglyceride lipase

HSL:

Hormone sensitive lipase

CON:

Control diet

ORO:

Oil red O

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Acknowledgments

The in vivo portion of this study was funded through start-up funding from Brock University to W. Ward. Analyses were funded by a Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada (NSERC) Discovery grant to S. J. Peters. Lipid analyses were funded by a Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada (NSERC) Discovery Grant to P.J. LeBlanc. Laboratory infrastructure support was provided by the Canadian Foundation for Innovation (B. Roy), the Ontario Innovation Trust (B. Roy), and NSERC. R. MacPherson is the recipient of an Ontario Graduate Scholarship in Science and Technology, as well as a NSERC Doctoral Postgraduate Scholarship. L. Castelli received graduate student support through an Ontario Graduate Scholarship (OGS). P. Miotto received graduate student support through a Canadian Institutes of Health Research (CIHR) Frederick Banting and Charles Best Canada Graduate Scholarship. W. Ward holds a Canada Research Chair in Bone and Muscle Development.

Conflict of interest

No conflicts of interest, financial or otherwise, are declared by the authors.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Faculty of Applied Health Sciences, Center for Bone and Muscle Health, Brock University, St. Catharines, ON, Canada

    Rebecca E. K. MacPherson, Laura M. Castelli, Paula M. Miotto, Scott Frendo-Cumbo, Amanda Milburn, Brian D. Roy, Paul J. LeBlanc, Wendy E. Ward & Sandra J. Peters

  2. Department of Kinesiology, Faculty of Applied Health Sciences, Centre for Bone and Muscle Health, Brock University, 500 Glenridge Ave.,, St. Catharines, ON, L2S 3A1, Canada

    Rebecca E. K. MacPherson, Paula M. Miotto, Scott Frendo-Cumbo, Amanda Milburn, Brian D. Roy, Wendy E. Ward & Sandra J. Peters

  3. Department of Health Sciences, Faculty of Applied Health Sciences, Brock University, St. Catharines, ON, Canada

    Laura M. Castelli, Paul J. LeBlanc & Wendy E. Ward

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  1. Rebecca E. K. MacPherson
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  2. Laura M. Castelli
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  9. Sandra J. Peters
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Correspondence to Rebecca E. K. MacPherson.

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MacPherson, R.E.K., Castelli, L.M., Miotto, P.M. et al. A Maternal High Fat Diet Has Long-Lasting Effects on Skeletal Muscle Lipid and PLIN Protein Content in Rat Offspring at Young Adulthood. Lipids 50, 205–217 (2015). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11745-014-3985-5

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