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Sesamin Modulates Gene Expression Without Corresponding Effects on Fatty acids in Atlantic Salmon (Salmo salar L.)

  • Original Article
  • Published:
Lipids

Abstract

This study examined the effects of sesamin inclusion in vegetable oil-based diets fed to Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar L.). The diets used differed in n-6/n-3 fatty acid (FA) ratio (0.5 and 1) and sesamin content (high 5.8 g/kg, low 1.16 g/kg and no sesamin). The oils used in the feeds were a mixture of rapeseed, linseed and palm oil. Fish were fed for 4 months. Fatty acids and expression of hepatic genes involved in transcription, lipid uptake, desaturation, elongation and β-oxidation were measured. No major effects on the percentage of DHA in white muscle, liver triacylglycerol and phospholipid fraction were detected. Genes involved in β-oxidation, elongation and desaturation were affected by sesamin addition. Limited effects were seen on any of the transcription factors tested and no effect was seen on the expression of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors (PPAR). Expression of both SREBP-1 and SREBP-2 increased with sesamin addition. It was concluded that supplementation of fish feed with a high level of sesamin had a negative effect on the growth rate and live weight and did not alter the proportions of DHA in tissues even though gene expression was affected. Thus, more studies are needed to formulate a diet that would increase the percentage of DHA in fish without negative effects on fish growth.

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Abbreviations

ARA:

Arachidonic acid (20:4n-6)

ACO:

Acyl-CoA oxidase

ALA:

Alpha-linolenic acid (18:3n-3)

CPT1:

Carnitine palmitoyl transferase I

Δ5 fad:

Delta 5 fatty acid desaturase

Δ6 fad:

Delta 6 fatty acid desaturase

DHA:

Docosahexaenoic acid (22:6n-3)

DTA:

Dodecylthioacetic acid

ELOVL:

Elongation of very long chain fatty acids gene

EPA:

Eicosapentaenoic acid (20:5n-3)

FAME:

Fatty acid methyl ester(s)

FA:

Fatty acid(s)

FCR:

Feed conversion ratio

FO:

Fish oil

K:

Condition factor

LNA:

Linoleic acid (18:2n-6)

LCPUFA:

Long chain polyunsaturated fatty acid(s)

LXRα:

Liver X receptor α

MUFA:

Monounsaturated fatty acid(s)

n-3:

Omega-3

n-6:

Omega-6

n-6/n-3:

n-6/n-3 PUFA

PUFA:

Polyunsaturated fatty acid(s)

PPAR:

Peroxisomal proliferator-activated receptor(s)

PGC-1α:

Peroxisome proliferator activated receptor γ coactivator-1α

PL:

Phospholipid(s)

SFA:

Saturated fatty acid(s)

SD:

Standard deviation

SGR:

Specific growth rate

SR-B1:

Scavenger receptor class BI

SREBP:

Sterol regulatory element binding protein

TAG:

Triacylglycerol

TTA:

Tetradecylthioacetic acid

VO:

Vegetable oil

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Food Science, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences (SLU), Uppsala BioCenter, P.O. Box 7051, 75007, Uppsala, Sweden

    A. Schiller Vestergren, L. Wagner, J. Pickova, A. Kamal-Eldin & S. Trattner

  2. Department of Wildlife, Fish and Environmental Studies, SLU, Umeå, Sweden

    S. Trattner

  3. Skretting ARC, P.O. Box 48, 4001, Stavanger, Norway

    G. Rosenlund

Authors
  1. A. Schiller Vestergren
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  2. L. Wagner
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  3. J. Pickova
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  4. G. Rosenlund
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  5. A. Kamal-Eldin
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  6. S. Trattner
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Correspondence to L. Wagner.

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A. Schiller Vestergren and L. Wagner contributed equally.

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Schiller Vestergren, A., Wagner, L., Pickova, J. et al. Sesamin Modulates Gene Expression Without Corresponding Effects on Fatty acids in Atlantic Salmon (Salmo salar L.). Lipids 47, 897–911 (2012). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11745-012-3697-7

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