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A Retrospective Analysis of the Impact of Bariatric Surgery on the Management of Chronic Migraine

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Abstract

Purpose

To investigate the association of the two most common bariatric surgical procedures, vertical sleeve gastrectomy (VSG) and Roux-en-Y gastric bypass (RYGB), with sustained remission from chronic migraine.

Materials and Methods

Using IBM MarketScan® research database to examine inpatient and pharmacy claims from 2010 through 2017. A cohort of bariatric patients with chronic migraine was created using inclusion and exclusion criteria. Remission was defined as no refill of first-line migraine medication for 180 days after a patients’ medication was expected to run out, and recurrence as medication refill after at least 180 days of remission.

Results

Of 1680 patients in our cohort, 931 (55.4%) experienced remission of migraine. Of these, 462 (49.6%) had undergone VSG, while 469 (50.4%) had undergone RYGB. Patients who underwent RYGB had an 11% (RR = 1.11, 95% CI: 1.05, 1.17) increase in likelihood of remission of migraine and a 20% (RR = 0.80, 95% CI: 0.63, 1.04) decrease in likelihood of recurrence of migraine compared to patients who underwent VSG. Older age group, higher number of medications at time of surgery, and female sex were associated with a decreased likelihood of remission.

Conclusion

Type of bariatric procedure, age, number of medications at surgery, and sex were the most important predictors of migraine remission after surgery.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Surgery, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA

    Richard Nudotor

  2. Department of Pediatrics/Adolescent Medicine, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA

    Hasiya Yusuf & Ann Scheimann

  3. Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, MI, USA

    Owulatobi Lasisi

  4. Department of Epidemiology, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD, USA

    Emmanuella Salia, Banda Khalifa & Kimberley E. Steele

  5. Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA

    Enoch Abbey & Modupe Oduwole

  6. Department of Infectious Disease, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA

    Samuel Ayeh

  7. Komfo Anokye Teaching Hospital, Kumasi, Ghana

    Obeng Appiafo

  8. Johns Hopkins Surgery Center for Outcomes Research, Baltimore, MD, USA

    Joseph Canner

  9. Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, 601 N. Caroline Street, JHOC 7157, Baltimore, MD, 21287, USA

    Kimberley E. Steele

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  1. Richard Nudotor
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Correspondence to Kimberley E. Steele.

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The authors declare that they have no conflict of interest. Johns Hopkins Surgery Center for Outcomes Research provided the data for this analysis.

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Nudotor, R., Yusuf, H., Lasisi, O. et al. A Retrospective Analysis of the Impact of Bariatric Surgery on the Management of Chronic Migraine. OBES SURG 31, 2040–2049 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11695-020-05204-w

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