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Obstructive Sleep Apnea and Smoking as a Risk Factor for Venous Thromboembolism Events: Review of the Literature on the Common Pathophysiological Mechanisms

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Abstract

Venous thromboembolism events (VTE) are a common and preventable cause of postoperative complications. Interestingly, smoking and obstructive sleep apnea syndrome (OSA) affecting a large part of our population (and especially obese patients) are two underestimated predisposing factors of VTE. Many coagulation disorders favoring thromboembolism have been identified in the case of OSA and smoking and are reviewed in this article. They can be divided into two entities: endothelial dysfunction and hemostasis disorders. Interestingly OSA and smoking share common pathways to the prothrombotic state. The interactions with others comorbidities will also be discussed. This article provides pathophysiological mechanisms of the increased risk of thromboembolism in OSA patients and smokers, which should help manage these patients more adequately during the perioperative period.

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Acknowledgments

The authors want to acknowledge Damien Kempeneers and Alexander Gerdom for their participations.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Anesthesia, Clinique Saint-Luc of Bouge & Cabinet Medical ASTES & University of Liege, Chaussee de Tongres, 29, 4000, Liege-Rocourt, Belgium

    Eric Deflandre

  2. Cabinet Medical ASTES, Jambes, Belgium

    Eric Deflandre & Stephanie Degey

  3. Catholic University of Louvain, Louvain, Belgium

    Natacha Opsomer

  4. Department of Anesthesia CHU de Liege, University of Liege, Liege, Belgium

    Jean-Francois Brichant & Jean Joris

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  1. Eric Deflandre
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Deflandre, E., Degey, S., Opsomer, N. et al. Obstructive Sleep Apnea and Smoking as a Risk Factor for Venous Thromboembolism Events: Review of the Literature on the Common Pathophysiological Mechanisms. OBES SURG 26, 640–648 (2016). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11695-015-2012-0

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