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Simultaneous quantitation of naturally occurring insecticides, acaricides, and piscicides in rapeseed oil by UV-MALDI mass spectrometry

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Abstract

Quantitative UV-MALDI-Orbitrap mass spectrometric study of naturally occurring insecticides, acaricides and, piscicides rotenone (1), rotenolone (2), sumatrol (3), deguelin (4) as well as tephrosin (5) in rapeseed oil is presented. Direct emulsion assay and solid-state sample preparation techniques in presence of matrixes of organic crystals of ions are utilized. The protocol by APCI-MS and HPLC–ESI–MS/MS methods is verified. The method performance parameters along the matrix effects is evaluated by a comparison of analytical metrology achieved for rotenoids 1–5 by each of mass spectrometric methods. Advantages of UV-MALDI-Orbitrap-MS method for quantitation are emphasized. They are compared to those of core analytical hybrid methods such as GC–MS, and HPLC–ESI (or APCI)-MS/MS for lipidomics and determination of organic pollutants in oils. The statistical simple random sampling plan is utilized for analysis of non-polluted rapeseed oils sample sets. The determination of polluted sample set and validation by spiked rapeseed oils is performed.

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Fig. 1
Scheme 1
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Abbreviations

5-SSA:

5-Sulfosalicylic acid

APCI:

Chemical ionization at atmospheric pressure (mass spectrometry)

CHCA:

α-Cyano-4-hydroxycinnamic acid

DHA:

2,4-Dihydroxybenzoic acid

DHB:

2,5-Dihydroxybenzoic acid

EASI:

Easy ambient sonic-spray ionization (mass spectrometry)

ESI:

Electrospray ionization (mass spectrometry)

GP:

Gas-phase

GC:

Gas-chromatography

HPSEC:

High performance size exclusion chromatography

IDL:

Instrumental detection limit

LODs:

Limits of detection (concentration)

LOQs:

Limits of quantitation (concentration)

M1:

3-(4-Amino-butylamino)-propyl-ammonium tris(hydrogensquarate) squaric acid

M2:

5-Amino-pentyl-ammonium bis(hydrogensquarate) monohydrate

M3:

5-Amino-pentyl-ammonium squarate

MALDI:

Matrix-assisted lasers desorption/ionization (mass spectrometry)

MDL:

Method detection limit

MS:

Mass spectrometry

MS/MS:

Tandem mass spectrometry (operation mode)

NPs:

Natural products

TAGs:

Triacylglycerols

L:

Linoleic acid

Ln:

Linolenic acid

LMW:

Low molecular weight analytes

LOA:

1-Linoeolyl-2-oleoyl-arachidoylglycerol

LLL:

Trilinolein

LLO:

1,2-Dilinoleoyl-3-oleylglycerol

O:

Oleic acid

OAO:

1,3-Dioleoyl-2-arachidoyl glycerol

OOO:

Triolein

OOL:

Dioleoyl-linoleoyl glycerol

OOLn:

1,2-Dioleo-3-linolenic glycerol

OSO:

2-Steraroyl-diolein

P:

Palmitinic acid

Po:

Palmitoleic acid

POP:

1,3-Dipalmitoyl-2-oleoylglycerol

PLL:

Glycerin-1-palmitat-2,3-dilinolat

PLP:

1,3-Dipalmitoyl-2-lineoylglycerol

PSP:

1,3-Dipalmitoyl-2stearoylglycerol

RP-HPLC:

Reversed-phase high-performance liquid chromatography

RI:

Relative intensity

S:

Stearic acid

SOA:

1-Stearoyl-2-oleoyl-arachidoylglycerol

SOS:

2-Oleoyl distearin

SPS:

1,3-Distearoyl-2-palmitoylglycerol

SSS:

Tristearin

TOF:

Time-of-flight (mass spectrometric detection method)

XRD:

X-ray diffraction method (used only for powder analysis)

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Acknowledgments

The authors thank the Deutscher Akademischer Austausch Dienst, the Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft, the central intrumental laboratories for structural analysis at Dortmund University (Nordrhein-Westfalen, Germany) and the analytical and computational laboratory clusters at the Institute of Environmental Research (INFU) at the same University.

Conflict of interest

Michael Spiteller has received research grants (Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft, 255/21-1 and 255/22-1; NRW-EU-Ziel2-Programms: Regionale Wettbewerbsfähigkeit und Beschäftigung: Mykotoxine in Lebens- und Futtermitteln—ein ungelöstes Problem in der Qualitätssicherung); Bojidarka Ivanova has received research grant (Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft, 255/22-1)

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  1. Lehrstuhl für Analytische Chemie, Fakultät für Chemie, Institut für Umweltforschung, Universität Dortmund, Otto-Hahn-Strasse 6, 44227, Dortmund, Nordrhein-Westfalen, Germany

    Bojidarka Ivanova & Michael Spiteller

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Ivanova, B., Spiteller, M. Simultaneous quantitation of naturally occurring insecticides, acaricides, and piscicides in rapeseed oil by UV-MALDI mass spectrometry. Food Measure 8, 15–28 (2014). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11694-013-9161-4

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