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Epidemiology of fungal infections in China

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Abstract

With the increasing number of immunocompromised hosts, the epidemiological characteristics of fungal infections have undergone enormous changes worldwide, including in China. In this paper, we reviewed the existing data on mycosis across China to summarize available epidemiological profiles. We found that the general incidence of superficial fungal infections in China has been stable, but the incidence of tinea capitis has decreased and the transmission route has changed. By contrast, the overall incidence of invasive fungal infections has continued to rise. The occurrence of candidemia caused by Candida species other than C. albicans and including some uncommon Candida species has increased recently in China. Infections caused by Aspergillus have also propagated in recent years, particularly with the emergence of azole-resistant Aspergillus fumigatus. An increasing trend of cryptococcosis has been noted in China, with Cryptococcus neoformans var. grubii ST 5 genotype isolates as the predominant pathogen. Retrospective studies have suggested that the epidemiological characteristics of Pneumocystis pneumonia in China may be similar to those in other developing countries. Endemic fungal infections, such as sporotrichosis in Northeastern China, must arouse research, diagnostic, and treatment vigilance. Currently, the epidemiological data on mycosis in China are variable and fragmentary. Thus, a nationwide epidemiological research on fungal infections in China is an important need for improving the country’s health.

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Acknowledgements

This study was funded in part by grants from the Severe Infectious Diseases Specific Projects from China’s Ministry of Health (No. 2013ZX10004612-7), the 973 Program (Nos. 2013CB531601 and 2013CB531606), and the National Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 81201269).

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  1. These authors contributed equally to this work and share the first author position.

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Dermatology, Changzheng Hospital, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, 200003, China

    Min Chen, Yuan Xu, Nan Hong, Yali Yang, Wenzhi Lei, Lin Du & Weihua Pan

  2. Shanghai Key Laboratory of Molecular Medical Mycology, Changzheng Hospital, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, 200003, China

    Min Chen, Yuan Xu, Nan Hong & Wanqing Liao

  3. Department of Dermatology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200442, China

    Jingjun Zhao

  4. Department of Dermatology, Daping Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, 400042, China

    Xia Lei

  5. Department of Dermatology, the People’s Hospital of Yan’an, Yan’an, 716000, China

    Lin Xiong

  6. Department of Dermatology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361003, China

    Langqi Cai

  7. Department of Dermatology, Shanghai Ninth People’s Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200011, China

    Hui Xu

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  1. Min Chen
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  2. Yuan Xu
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  3. Nan Hong
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  11. Hui Xu
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  12. Weihua Pan
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  13. Wanqing Liao
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Corresponding authors

Correspondence to Weihua Pan or Wanqing Liao.

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Chen, M., Xu, Y., Hong, N. et al. Epidemiology of fungal infections in China. Front. Med. 12, 58–75 (2018). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11684-017-0601-0

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