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Human Pathogenic Fungi in China—Emerging Trends from Ongoing National Survey for 1986, 1996, and 2006

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Abstract

This epidemiological survey was a retrospective study on three nodes during the past three decades on fungal infections representing the China, including Taiwan. Owing to rare publications reporting on dynamic epidemiological trends in the pathogen epidemiology in China, we surveyed the isolation rates and pathogenic fungi from 8 representative districts in China using uniform identification with uniform methodology. The pathogenic fungi isolation rates and species obtained from 1986 (n = 9,096), 1996 (n = 19,009), and 2006 (n = 33,022) suggested that Trichophyton rubrum was the commonest organism cultured in 1980s (45.4%) and 1990s (34.5%), but Candida albicans increased significantly and reaching to its peak (26.9%) in 2006s’ survey, and has become the most common isolate of fungal infections in China currently. In addition, Candida glabrata became the most common non-albicans species of Candida in 2006s’ survey. At the same time, the incidence of molds also gradually increased. According to comparative analysis of the results of these three surveys, we found apparent differences in the isolation rates of different pathogenic fungi and the forefront 10 species in China varied significantly, and the dermatophytes decreased markedly, while yeasts, especially the Candida species and the molds, increased gradually during the past three decades. Less dermatophytic infections may suggest better access to healthcare or increase in Candida species indicated higher incidence of hospital acquired infections.

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Acknowledgments

Thanks to Prof. Hay RJ, Associated Prof. Gong XD, Li M and Dr. Liu ZH for their kind help and statistic analysis. We also thank for the funds provided by National Natural Science Foundation of China under Grant 80171335 and PLA Clinical high-tech major projects under Grant 2010gxjs063. This study was supported by the funds provided by National Natural Science Foundation of China under Grant 80171335 and PLA Clinical high-tech major projects under Grant 2010gxjs063.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Medical Mycology Culture Collection Centre, Chinese Ministry of Public Health, Institute of Dermatology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and PUMC, 12 Jiang-wan-miao Road, Nanjing, 210042, Jiangsu Province, China

    S. X. Wu, N. R. Guo & X. F. Li

  2. Shanghai Key Laboratory of Molecular Medical Mycology and PLA Key Laboratory of Fungal Diseases, Chang Zheng Hospital, Second Military Medical University, 415 Fengyang Road, 200003, Shanghai, China

    W. Q. Liao & M. Chen

  3. Huashan Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai, 200040, China

    Q. Q. Zhang

  4. Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, 250012, China

    C. Y. Li

  5. First and Third Hospital of Beijing University, Beijing, 100083, China

    R. Y. Li, G. S. Bulmer & D. M. Li

  6. Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510120, China

    L. Y. Xi & S. Lu

  7. Union Hospital of Huazhong, University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, China

    Y. C. Zheng

  8. Xijin Hospital of the Fourth Military Medical University, Xi’an, 710032, China

    B. Liu

  9. Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan

    Y. Z. Kuan

  10. West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chendu, 610041, China

    Y. P. Ran

Authors
  1. S. X. Wu
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  2. N. R. Guo
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  3. X. F. Li
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  4. W. Q. Liao
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  5. M. Chen
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  6. Q. Q. Zhang
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  7. C. Y. Li
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  8. R. Y. Li
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  9. G. S. Bulmer
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  10. D. M. Li
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  11. L. Y. Xi
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  12. S. Lu
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  13. B. Liu
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  14. Y. C. Zheng
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  15. Y. P. Ran
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  16. Y. Z. Kuan
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Corresponding authors

Correspondence to S. X. Wu or W. Q. Liao.

Electronic supplementary material

Cooperative Units

Cooperative Units

  1. 1.

    Institute of Dermatology, Chinese Academy of Medical Science and Peking Union Medical College, Nanjing.

  2. 2.

    Shanghai Key Laboratory of Molecular Medical Mycology and PLA Key Laboratory of Fungal Diseases, ChangZheng Hospital, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai.

  3. 3.

    Huashan Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai

  4. 4.

    Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan

  5. 5.

    First and Third Hospital of Beijing University, Beijing,

  6. 6.

    Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou

  7. 7.

    Union Hospital of Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan

  8. 8.

    Xijin Hospital of the Fourth Military Medical University, Xi’an

  9. 9.

    Overseas Chinese Hospital (The First Affiliated Hospital to Jinan University), Guangzhou

  10. 10.

    Skin Disease Hospital of Jiangxi Province, Nanchang

  11. 11.

    Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taipei

  12. 12.

    The First Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou

  13. 13.

    The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin

  14. 14.

    The First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical College, Kunming

  15. 15.

    The Third People’s Hospital of Hangzhou, Hangzhou

  16. 16.

    The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning

  17. 17.

    The Southwest Hospital of the Third Military Medical University, Chongqinq

  18. 18.

    Affiliated Hospital of Lanzhou Medical College, Lanzhou

  19. 19.

    Affiliated Hospital of Guiyang Medical College, Guiyang

  20. 20.

    West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chendu

  21. 21.

    Shanghai Ruijin Hospital of Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai

  22. 22.

    Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang

  23. 23.

    Shenyang Seventh People’s Hospital, Shenyang

  24. 24.

    The General Hospital of the PLA Air Force, Beijing

  25. 25.

    The First Affiliated Hospital of Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin

  26. 26.

    The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi’an Jiao Tong University, Xi’an

  27. 27.

    Affiliated Hospital of Ningxia Medical College, Xining

  28. 28.

    Shandong Provincial Hospital, Jinan

  29. 29.

    The Second and Fourth Affiliated Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shejiazhuang

  30. 30.

    Affiliated Hospital of Guilin Medical College, Guilin

  31. 31.

    The First People’s Hospital of Wuhan, Wuhan

  32. 32.

    The Second People’s Hospital of Wuxi, Wuxi

  33. 33.

    The First and Second Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian

  34. 34.

    Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, Wulumuji

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Wu, S.X., Guo, N.R., Li, X.F. et al. Human Pathogenic Fungi in China—Emerging Trends from Ongoing National Survey for 1986, 1996, and 2006. Mycopathologia 171, 387–393 (2011). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11046-011-9398-6

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11046-011-9398-6

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