Skip to main content
Log in

Corrosion Behavior of Detonation Gun Sprayed Al Coating on Sintered NFeB

  • Peer Reviewed
  • Published:
Journal of Thermal Spray Technology Aims and scope Submit manuscript

An Erratum to this article was published on 03 December 2014

Abstract

Pure Al coating was prepared by a detonation gun (D-gun) spraying process to protect sintered NdFeB magnets. The detonation gun sprayed coating is very uniform and has a low porosity of 0.77%. The thickness of the Al coating is approximately 16 μm. The corrosion current density for the coated sample was 1.30 × 10−5 A/cm2 immediately after immersion in 3.5% NaCl solution, compared to 6.54 × 10−5 A/cm2 for the uncoated sample. X-ray photoelectron spectrometry results indicate that the formation of Al2O3 film contributes to the increased corrosion resistance of Al coating. Meanwhile, electrochemical impedance spectroscopy with equivalent electrical circuit was used to ascertain the corrosion process of the Al coatings. Results show the corrosion procedure consists of two stages which agree with the potentiodynamic polarization test. It can be concluded that the Al coating deposited by the D-gun spray process can improve the corrosion resistance of sintered NdFeB.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Fig. 1
Fig. 2
Fig. 3
Fig. 4
Fig. 5
Fig. 6
Fig. 7
Fig. 8

Similar content being viewed by others

References

  1. M. Sagawa, S. Fujimura, N. Togawa, H. Yamamoto, and Y. Matsuura, New Material for Permanent Magnets on a Base of Nd and Fe, J. Appl. Phys., 1984, 55, p 2083-2087

    Article  Google Scholar 

  2. J. Jacobson and A. Kim, Oxidation Behavior of Nd-Fe-B Magnets, Appl. Phys., 1987, 61, p 3763-3765

    Article  Google Scholar 

  3. L. Schultz, A.M. El-Aziz, G. Barkleit, and K. Mummert, Corrosion Behaviour of Nd-Fe-B Permanent Magnetic Alloy, Mater. Sci. Eng. A, 1999, 267, p 307-313

    Article  Google Scholar 

  4. I. Gurappa, Corrosion Characteristics of Permanent Magnets in Acidic Environments, J. Alloys Compd., 2003, 360, p 236-242

    Article  Google Scholar 

  5. A.A. El-Moneim and A. Gebert, Electrochemical Characterization of Falvanically Coupled Single Phases An Nanocrystalline NdFeB-Based Magnets in NaCl Solutions, J. Appl. Electrochem., 2003, 33, p 795-805

    Article  Google Scholar 

  6. L.Q. Yu, Y.H. Wen, and M. Yan, Effects of Dy and Nd on the Magnetic Properties An Corrosion Resistance of Sintered NdFeB, J. Magn. Magn. Mater., 2004, 283, p 353-356

    Article  Google Scholar 

  7. H. Bala, G. Pawlowska, S. Szymura, V.V. Sergeev, and Y.M. Rabinovich, Corrosion Characteristics of Nd-Fe-B Sintered Magnets Containing Various Alloying Elements, J. Magn. Magn. Mater., 1990, 87, p L255-L259

    Article  Google Scholar 

  8. T. Minowa, M. Yoshikawa, and M. Honshima, Improvement of the Corrosion Resistance on Nd-Fe-B Magnet with Nickel Plating, IEEE Trans. Magn., 1989, 25, p 3776-3778

    Article  Google Scholar 

  9. C.W. Cheng, H.C. Man, and F.T. Cheng, Magnetic and Corrosion Characteristics of Nd-Fe-B Magnet with Various Surface Coatings, IEEE Trans. Magn., 1997, 33, p 3910-3912

    Article  Google Scholar 

  10. Z. Chen, A. Ng, J.Z. Yi, and X.F. Chen, Muti-layered Electroless Ni-P Coatings on Powder-Sintered Nd-Fe-B Permanent Magnet, J. Magn. Magn. Mater., 2006, 302, p 216-222

    Article  Google Scholar 

  11. N.C. Ku, C.-D. Qin, C.C. Yu, and D.H.L. Ng, Corrosion Resistance of NdFeB Magnets Coated by Al, IEEE Trans. Magn., 1996, 32, p 4407-4409

    Article  Google Scholar 

  12. P. Mitchell, Corrosion Protection of NdFeB Magnets, IEEE Trans. Magn., 1990, 26, p 1933-1935

    Article  Google Scholar 

  13. S.D. Mao, H.X. Yang, J.L. Li, H.G. Ying, and Z.L. Song, The Properties of Aluminium Coating on Sintered NdFeB by DC Magnetron Sputtering, Vacuum, 2011, 85, p 772-775

    Article  Google Scholar 

  14. S.D. Mao, H.X. Yang, Z.L. Song, J.L. Li, H.G. Ying, and K.F. Sun, Corrosion Behavior of Sintered NdFeB Deposited with an Aluminium Coating, Corros. Sci., 2011, 53, p 1887-1894

    Article  Google Scholar 

  15. S.D. Mao, H.X. Yang, J.L. Li, F. Huang, and Z.L. Song, Corrosion Properties of Aluminium Coatings Deposited on Sintered NdFeB by Ion-Beam-Assisted Deposition, Appl. Surf. Sci., 2011, 57, p 5581-5585

    Article  Google Scholar 

  16. A.R. Gonzalez-Elipe, F. Yubero, and J.M. Sanz, Low Energy Ion Assisted Film Growth, 1st ed., Imperial College Press, London, 2003

    Book  Google Scholar 

  17. C.C. Ma, X.F. Liu, and C.G. Zhou, Cold-Sprayed Al Coating for Corrosion Protection of Sintered NdFeB, J. Thermal Spray Technol., 2014, 23, p 456-462

    Article  Google Scholar 

  18. S.X. Yu and L. Chen, Preparation Technology and Performances of Zn-Cr Coating on Sintered NdFeB Permanent Magnet, J. Rare Earths, 2006, 24, p 223-226

    Article  Google Scholar 

  19. Y.A. Kharlamov, Detonation Spraying of Protective Coatings, Mater. Sci. Eng., 1987, 93, p 1-37

    Article  Google Scholar 

  20. L. Byrnes and M. Kramer, Method and Apparatus for the Application of Thermal Spray Coatings onto Aluminium Engine Cylinder Bores, Proceedings of the 7th National Thermal Spray Conference, 1994 p 39-48

  21. G. Kaushal, H. Singh, and S. Prakash, Comparative High Temperature Analysis of HVOF Sprayed and Detonation Gun Sprayed Ni-20Cr Coating in Laboratory and Actual Boiler Environments, Oxid. Met., 2011, 76(3-4), p 169-191

    Article  Google Scholar 

  22. G. Sundararajan, D. Sen, and G. Sivakumar, The Tribological Behaviour of Detonation Sprayed Coatings: The Importance of Coating Process Parameters, Wear, 2005, 258, p 377-391

    Article  Google Scholar 

  23. J. Knapp, Fine-Particle Slurry Wear Resistance of Selected Tungsten Carbide Thermal Spray Coatings, Tribol. Int., 1997, 30(3), p 225-234

    Article  Google Scholar 

  24. L. Pawlowski, The Science and Engineering of Thermal Spray Coatings, Wiley, West Susseex, 1995.

  25. B. Rajasekaran, S.G.S. Raman, S. Joshi, and G. Sundararajan, Influence of Detonation Gun Sprayed Alumina Coating on AA 6063 Samples Under Cyclic Loading With and Without Fretting, Tribol. Int., 2008, 41(4), p 315-322

    Article  Google Scholar 

  26. N.K. Ramakrishna Naidu and S. Ganesh Sundara Raman, Effect of Shot Blasting on Plain Fatigue and Fretting Fatigue Behaviour of Al-Mg-Si Alloy AA6061, Int. J. Fatigue, 2005, 27, p 323-331

    Article  Google Scholar 

  27. E. McCafferty, Validation of Corrosion Rates Measured by the Tafel Extrapolation Method, Corros. Sci., 2005, 47, p 3202-3215

    Article  Google Scholar 

  28. A.K. Singh and M.A. Quraishi, Effect of Cafazolin on the Corrosion of Mild Steel in HCl Solution, Corros. Sci., 2010, 52, p 152-160

    Article  Google Scholar 

  29. C.-D. Qin, A.S.K. Li, and D.H.L. Ng, The Protective Coatings of NdFeB Magnets by Al and Al(Fe), J. Appl. Phys., 1996, 79, p 4854-4856

    Article  Google Scholar 

  30. Q. Jiang, Q. Miao, W.P. Liang, F. Ying, F. Tong, Y. Xu, B.L. Ren, Z.J. Yao, and P.Z. Zhang, Corrosion Behavior of Arc Sprayed Al-Zn-Si-RE Coatings on Mild Steel in 3.5 wt.% NaCl Solution, Electrochim. Acta, 2014, 115, p 644-656

    Article  Google Scholar 

  31. J.G. He, J.B. Wen, and X.D. Li, Effects of Precipitates on the Electrochemical Performance of Al Sacrificial Anode, Corros. Sci., 2011, 53, p 1948-1953

    Article  Google Scholar 

  32. J.F. Zhang, W. Zhang, C.W. Yan, K.Q. Du, and F.H. Wang, Corrosion Behaviors of Zn-Al-Mn Alloy Composite Coatings Deposited on Magnesium Alloy AZ31B (Mg-Al-Zn), Electrochim. Acta, 2009, 55, p 560-571

    Article  Google Scholar 

  33. I. Aziz, Q. Zhang, and M. Xiang, Using EIS to Evaluate Anti-corrosion Properties of the SiCP/5A06 Aluminium MMC Treated by Cerium Conversion Coatings, J. Rare Earths, 2010, 28(1), p 109-116

    Article  Google Scholar 

  34. E. Barsoulkov and J.R. Macdonald, Impedance Spectroscopy Theory, Experiment, and Application, 2nd ed., Wiley, Hoboken, NJ, 2005

    Book  Google Scholar 

  35. J.M. Hu, J.Q. Zhang, and C.N. Cao, Determination of Water Uptake and Diffusion of Cl Ion in Epoxy Primer on Aluminum Alloys in NaCl Solution by Electrochemical Impedance Spectroscopy, Prog. Org. Coat., 2003, 46, p 273-279

    Article  Google Scholar 

  36. X.H. Guo, K.Q. Du, Q.Z. Guo, Y. Wang, and F.H. Wang, Experimental Study of Corrosion Protection of a Three-Layer Film on AZ31B Mg Alloy, Corros. Sci., 2012, 65, p 367-375

    Article  Google Scholar 

  37. S.A. Salman, R. Mori, R. Ichino, and M. Okido, Effect of Anodizing Potential on the Surface Morphology and Corrosion Property of AZ31 Magnesium Alloy, Mater. Trans., 2010, 51, p 1109-1113

    Article  Google Scholar 

  38. L. Chen, N. Li, and D.R. Zhou, Corrosion Behavior of Sintered Zinc-Aluminum Coating in NaCl Solution, Trans. Nonferrous Met. Soc. China, 2002, 12, p 1214-1217

    Google Scholar 

  39. N.M. Figueiredo, N.J.M. Carvalho, and A. Cavaleiro, An XPS Study of Au Alloyed Al-O Sputtered Coatings, Appl. Surf. Sci., 2011, 257, p 5793-5798

    Article  Google Scholar 

  40. Yu.V. Plyuto, I.V. Babich, I.V. Plyuto, A.D. Van Langeveld, and J.A. Moulijn, XPS Studies of MoO3Al2O3 and MoO3SiO2 Systems, Appl. Surf. Sci., 1997, 119, p 11-18

    Article  Google Scholar 

  41. Q.D. Ling, S. Ling, E.T. Kang, K.G. Neoh, B. Liu, and W. Huang, Interface Formation Between the Al Electrode and Poly PFT Investigated In Situ by XPS, Appl. Surf. Sci., 2002, 199, p 74-82

    Article  Google Scholar 

  42. N. Reddy, P. Bera, V. Rajagopal Reddy, N. Sridhara, A. Dey, C. Anandan, and A.K. Sharma, XPS Study of Sputtered Alumina Thin Films, Ceram. Int., (in press).

  43. S.Z. Song and Z.L. Tang, An Electrochemical Impedance Analysis on Aluminum in 3.5% NaCl Solution, J. Chin. Soc. Corros. Prot., 1996, 16, p 127-132

    Google Scholar 

Download references

Acknowledgment

This work was supported by a grant from the National High Technology Research and Development Program of China under the contract of 2012BAE02B01.

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

Authors

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Chungen Zhou.

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Check for updates. Verify currency and authenticity via CrossMark

Cite this article

Ma, J., Liu, X., Qu, W. et al. Corrosion Behavior of Detonation Gun Sprayed Al Coating on Sintered NFeB. J Therm Spray Tech 24, 394–400 (2015). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11666-014-0188-9

Download citation

  • Received:

  • Revised:

  • Published:

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11666-014-0188-9

Keywords

Navigation