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Microstructure and Mechanical Properties of Three-Layer TIG-Welded 2219 Aluminum Alloys with Dissimilar Heat Treatments

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Abstract

2219-C10S and 2219-CYS aluminum alloys are 2219 aluminum alloys with different heat treatment processes, and they have been widely used in the aerospace industry. In the present study, 2219-C10S and 2219-CYS aluminum alloys were butt-welded by three-layer tungsten inert gas arc welding (with the welding center of the third layer shifted toward the CYS side), and the microstructure characteristics and mechanical properties of the welded joint were investigated. The lamellar θ′ phases, the bulk or rod θ phases, and the coarse rod-shaped or pancake-shaped Al-Cu-Fe-Mn phases coexisted in the two aluminum alloys. The Cu content of the α-Al matrix and the distribution of eutectic structures of different welding layers in the weld zone (WZ) were varied, implying that the segregation degrees of the Cu element were different due to the different welding thermal cycles in different welding layers. The microhardness values of the CYS side were much higher than those of the C10S side in each region on both sides of the joint. The tensile test deformation was concentrated mainly in the regions of WZ and the over aged zone (OAZ), where the microhardness values were relatively low. The main deformation concentrated region was transferred from the CYS side to the C10S side with the increase in the tensile load during the tensile test. The fracture behavior of the tensile test showed that the macroscopic crack initiated near the front weld toe had gone through the crack blunt region, the shear fracture region of the partially melted zone (PMZ), and the shear fracture region of OAZ. Meanwhile, the fracture characteristics gradually evolved from brittle to ductile. The concentrated stress and the dense eutectic structure in the region near the front weld toe of the C10S side contributed to the fracture of the joint. The shift of the welding center of the third layer to the CYS side resulted in two effects: (i) the microhardness values from the middle layer to the top layer in the PMZ of the CYS side were the most significantly increased and (ii) the distance between the front weld toe and the fusion line of the CYS side was significantly larger.

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Acknowledgments

This work was financially supported by the Joint Funds of the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant No. U1637601).

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Mechanical Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China

    Dengkui Zhang, Yue Zhao & Aiping Wu

  2. Capital Aerospace Machinery Company, Beijing, 100076, China

    Quan Li & Xianli Liu

  3. Tianjin Long March Launch Vehicle Manufacturing Co., Ltd., Tianjin, 300462, China

    Jianling Song

  4. China Academy of Launch Vehicle Technology, Beijing, 100076, China

    Guoqing Wang

Authors
  1. Dengkui Zhang
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  2. Quan Li
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  3. Yue Zhao
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  4. Xianli Liu
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  6. Guoqing Wang
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Correspondence to Guoqing Wang.

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Zhang, D., Li, Q., Zhao, Y. et al. Microstructure and Mechanical Properties of Three-Layer TIG-Welded 2219 Aluminum Alloys with Dissimilar Heat Treatments. J. of Materi Eng and Perform 27, 2938–2948 (2018). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11665-018-3394-7

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11665-018-3394-7

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