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Ferromagnetic bulk amorphous alloys

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Abstract

This article reviews our recent results on the development of ferromagnetic bulk amorphous alloys prepared by casting processes. The multicomponent Fe-(Al,Ga)-(P,C,B,Si) alloys are amorphized in the bulk form with diameters up to 2 mm, and the temperature interval of the supercooled liquid region before crystallization is in the range of 50 to 67 K. These bulk amorphous alloys exhibit good soft magnetic properties, i.e., high B s of 1.1 to 1.2 T, low H o of 2 to 6 A/m, and high μ e of about 7000 at 1 kHz. The Nd-Fe-Al and Pr-Fe-Al bulk amorphous alloys are also produced in the diameter range of up to 12 mm by the copper mold casting process and exhibit rather good hard magnetic properties, i.e., B r of about 0.1 T, high H o of 300 to 400 kA/m, and rather high (JH)max of 13 to 20 kJ/m3. The crystallization causes the disappearance of the hard magnetic properties. Furthermore, the melt-spun Nd-Fe-Al and Pr-Fe-Al alloy ribbons exhibit soft-type magnetic properties. Consequently, the hard magnetic properties are concluded to be obtained only for the bulk amorphous alloys. The bulk Nd- and Pr-Fe-Al amorphous alloys have an extremely high T x/Tm of about 0.90 and a small ΔT m(=T m−T x) of less than 100 K and, hence, their large glass-forming ability is due to the steep increase in viscosity in the supercooled liquid state. The high T x/Tm enables the development of a fully relaxed, clustered amorphous structure including Nd-Nd and Nd-Fe atomic pairs. It is, therefore, presumed that the hard magnetic properties are due to the development of Nd-Nd and Nd-Fe atomic pairs with large random magnetic anisotropy. The Nd- and Pr-based bulk amorphous alloys can be regarded as a new type of clustered amorphous material, and the control of the clustered amorphous structure is expected to enable the appearance of novel functional properties which cannot be obtained for an ordinary amorphous structure.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. the Institute for Materials Research, Tohoku University, 980-77, Sendai, Japan

    Akihisa Inoue (Professor), Akira Takeuchi (Research Associate) & Tao Zhang (Research Associate)

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  1. Akihisa Inoue
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  2. Akira Takeuchi
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  3. Tao Zhang
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Additional information

This article is based on a presentation made in the “Structure and Properties of Bulk Amorphous Alloys” Symposium as part of the 1997 Annual Meeting of TMS at Orlando, Florida, February 10–11, 1997, under the auspices of the TMS-EMPMD/SMD Alloy Phases and MDMD Solidification Committees, the ASM-MSD Thermodynamics and Phase Equilibria, and Atomic Transport Committees, and sponsorship by the Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory and the Los Alamos National Laboratory.

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Inoue, A., Takeuchi, A. & Zhang, T. Ferromagnetic bulk amorphous alloys. Metall Mater Trans A 29, 1779–1793 (1998). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11661-998-0001-9

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