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Elemental Effects on Weld Cracking Susceptibility in AlxCoCrCuyFeNi High-Entropy Alloy

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Abstract

Weld solidification and weldability of AlxCoCrCuyFeNi high-entropy alloys (HEA) were characterized as a function of Al and Cu molar ratio in the alloy composition. Autogenous gas tungsten arc welding (GTAW) was performed on the as-melted ingots. Fusion zone and heat-affected zone microstructures were investigated using optical and electron microscopy, and compared to thermodynamic CALPHAD-based calculations. Weld cracking susceptibility was compared to cast pin tear test (CPTT) results. It was found that strong Cu segregation on solidification promotes hot cracking in fusion welds on AlCoCrCuyFeNi alloys (y > 0.1). Cu-rich liquid forms during the final stages of solidification and facilitates solidification cracking in the fusion zone. The Cu-rich interdendritic readily remelts during reheating and promotes liquation cracking in the heat-affected zone. The cracking mechanisms in the welds change to brittle intergranular cracking in low and no Cu alloy compositions due to a high-hardness BCC microstructure (> 500 HV). Lowering the Al molar ratio in AlxCoCrCu0.1FeNi alloys (x ≤ 0.5) mitigates brittle cracking by promoting FCC solidification structure.

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  • 31 July 2020

    The Acknowledgments in the original article are incomplete. Following is the updated text.

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Acknowledgments

This work was supported by the Institute of Materials Research (IMR) at The Ohio State University, and by the American Welding Society (AWS) Foundation. The authors express their gratitude to Brady Soulivong, high school intern in the Welding Engineering Program at The Ohio State University. Electron microscopy was performed at the Center for Electron Microscopy and Analysis (CEMAS) at The Ohio State University.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Material Science and Engineering, Welding Engineering Program, The Ohio State University, 1248 Arthur E. Adams Drive, Columbus, OH, 43221, USA

    Alexander C. Martin & Carolin Fink

  2. Department of Mechanical and Industrial Engineering, New University of Lisbon, 2829-516, Caparica, Portugal

    João Pedro Oliveira

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  1. Alexander C. Martin
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  2. João Pedro Oliveira
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Correspondence to Carolin Fink.

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Manuscript submitted June 26, 2019.

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Martin, A.C., Oliveira, J.P. & Fink, C. Elemental Effects on Weld Cracking Susceptibility in AlxCoCrCuyFeNi High-Entropy Alloy. Metall Mater Trans A 51, 778–787 (2020). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11661-019-05564-8

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