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Influence of Thermal Aging on the Microstructure and Mechanical Behavior of Dual-Phase, Precipitation-Hardened, Powder Metallurgy Stainless Steels

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Abstract

The effects of thermal aging on the microstructure and mechanical behavior of dual-phase, precipitation-hardened, powder metallurgy (PM) stainless steels of varying ferrite–martensite content were examined. Quantitative analyses of the inherent porosity and phase fractions were conducted on the steels, and no significant differences were noted with respect to aging temperature. Tensile strength, yield strength, and elongation to fracture all increased with increasing aging temperature reaching maxima at 811 K (538 °C) in most cases. Increased strength and decreased ductility were observed in steels of higher martensite content. Nanoindentation of the individual microconstituents was employed to obtain a fundamental understanding of the strengthening contributions. Both the ferrite and martensite nanohardness values increased with aging temperature and exhibited similar maxima to the bulk tensile properties.

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Acknowledgments

The authors acknowledge the Hoeganaes Corporation for providing the materials and financial support for this research. We would also like to thank C. Schade and T. Murphy for stimulating discussions related to this work.

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Author notes

  1. J. L. Stewart (Graduate Research Assistant, Engineer)

    Present address: Intel Corporation, Chandler, AZ, 85226, USA

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Materials Science and Engineering Program, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ, 85297-6106, USA

    J. L. Stewart (Graduate Research Assistant, Engineer) & J. J. Williams (Research Scientist)

  2. Materials Science and Engineering and Mechanical Engineering Programs, Arizona State University, 501 E. Tyler Hall, ECG 303, Tempe, AZ, 85297-6106, USA

    N. Chawla (Professor)

Authors
  1. J. L. Stewart
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Correspondence to N. Chawla.

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Manuscript submitted April 8, 2011.

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Stewart, J.L., Williams, J.J. & Chawla, N. Influence of Thermal Aging on the Microstructure and Mechanical Behavior of Dual-Phase, Precipitation-Hardened, Powder Metallurgy Stainless Steels. Metall Mater Trans A 43, 124–135 (2012). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11661-011-0844-3

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