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Somatic embryogenesis to overcome low seed viability and conserve wild banana (Ensete superbum (Roxb.) Cheesman)

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Abstract

The seed viability, ex vitro germination, and percentage of in vitro zygotic embryo germination were found to be very low in Ensete superbum (Roxb.) Cheesman. Only 33.33% of seeds were viable, and the ex vitro germination percentage was only 5%, while the percentage of in vitro zygotic embryo germination was 33%. Somatic embryogenesis experiments produced competent callus on Murashige and Skoog (MS) medium supplemented with 2.5 mg L−1 2,4-D and 3 mg L−1 BAP from inflorescence explants. The embryogenic callus produced the maximum number of somatic embryos on MS basal medium kept in a dark chamber for 15 wk. Half-strength MS medium supplemented with 500 mg L−1 glutamine was optimal for somatic embryo germination and development of plantlets. Regenerated plants had 80 to 90% survival rate. Therefore, somatic embryogenesis can be considered as an efficient method to overcome a drastic reduction in population and to achieve germplasm conservation.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Botany, University of Kerala, Karyavattom, Thiruvananthapuram, Kerala, 695581, India

    T. G. Ponni & Ashalatha S. Nair

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  1. T. G. Ponni
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  2. Ashalatha S. Nair
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Correspondence to T. G. Ponni.

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Editor: Marco Buenrostro-Nava

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Ponni, T.G., Nair, A.S. Somatic embryogenesis to overcome low seed viability and conserve wild banana (Ensete superbum (Roxb.) Cheesman). In Vitro Cell.Dev.Biol.-Plant 55, 371–379 (2019). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11627-019-09998-y

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