Abstract
An efficient regeneration protocol for zygotic embryos at varying maturity stages was developed for wild banana (Pisang Jajee (AA)). Embryo ontogeny was studied to determine the best maturity stage for embryo rescue, suitable media and culture conditions (light and dark) for germination and regeneration. The conversion of endosperm from transparent fluid into a semi-solid state was followed by visible embryo development, which commenced only after 70% embryo maturity. Zygotic embryos of Pisang Jajee at different maturity levels were excised and cultured on medium fortified with different concentrations of 6-benzyl adenine (BA) and indole acetic acid (IAA). Zygotic embryos produced callus or plantlets 25 days after initiation. The frequency of callus induction was greater in immature embryos irrespective of the media composition and decreased with increasing maturity. Fully matured embryos regenerated directly into plantlets without producing callus. Immature embryos required medium supplemented with plant growth regulators (PGRs) for successful regeneration. Although the culture conditions had no influence, dark conditions favoured callus induction and plant regeneration.
Similar content being viewed by others
Abbreviations
- BA:
-
6-benzyl adenine
- IAA:
-
Indole acetic acid
- PGRs:
-
Plant growth regulators
References
Ahmed KZ, Remy S, Sági L, Swennen R (2006) Germination of Musa balbisiana seeds and embryos. XVII Reunilao Internationlal da Associacao para a Cooperacao nas pesquisas sobre Banana no Caribe e na America Tropical, Brasil
Asif MJ, Mak C, Othman RY (2001) In vitro zygotic embryo culture of wild Musa acuminata ssp. malaccensis and factors affecting germination and seedling growth. Plant Cell Tiss Organ Cult 67:267–270
Bakry F (2008) Zygotic embryo rescue in bananas. Fruits 63:111–115
Bewley JD, Black M (1982) Physiology and biochemistry of seeds in relation to germination. Vol. 2, viability dormancy and environmental control. Springer-Verlag, Berlin, 375 pp
Chi HS (2000) Interspecific crosses of lily by in vitro pollinated ovules. Bot Bull Acad Sin 41:143–149
Chin HF (1996) Germination and storage of banana seeds. In: Frison EA, Horry JP, De Waele D (eds) Proceedings of the Workshop on New Frontiers in Resistance Breeding for Nematodes, Fusarium and Sigatoka, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia, October 1995, pp 218–227
de Oliveira e Silva S, da Silva KM, de F Borges M, de Oliveira RP (1999) Pollination and culture of banana embryos. Infomusa 8:24–26
Diro M, Van Staden J (2003) In vitro regeneration of Ensete ventricosum from zygotic embryos of stored seeds. South Afr J Bot 69:364–369
Escalant JV, Teisson C (1989) Somatic embryogenesis and plants from immature zygotic embryos of the species Musa acuminata and Musa balbisiana. Plant Cell Rep 7:665–668
Fenner M (1985) Seed ecology. Chapman and Hall, London
Johri BM, Rao PS (1984) Experimental embryology. In: Johri BM (ed) Embryology of angiosperms. Springer-Verlag, Berlin, pp 744–802
Le Page-Degivry MT, Garello G (1973) La dormance embryonnaire chez Taxus baccata: influence de la composition du milieu liquide sur I’induction de la germination. Physiol Plant 29:204–207
Mehetre SS, Aher AR (2004) Embryo rescue: a tool to overcome incompatible interspecific hybridization in Gossypium Linn—a review. Indian J Biotechnol 3:29–36
Murashige T, Skoog F (1962) A revised medium for rapid growth and bioassays with tobacco tissue cultures. Physiol Plant 15:473–497
Pancholi N, Wetten A, Caligari PDS (1995) Germination of Musa velutina seeds: comparison of in vivo and in vitro systems. In Vitro Cell Dev Biol Plant 31:127–130
Raghavan V, Srivastava PS (1982) Embryo culture. In: Johri BM (ed) Experimental embryology of vascular plants. Springer-Verlag, Berlin, pp 195–230
Rijven AHGC (1952) In vitro studies on the embryos of Capsella bursa-pastoris. Acta Bot Neerl 1:157–200
Sharma DR, Kaur R, Kumar K (1996) Embryo rescue in plants—a review. Euphytica 89:325–337
Simmonds NW (1952) The germination of banana seeds. Trop Agric Trin 37:211–221
Simmonds NW (1959) Experiments on the germination of banana seeds. Trop Agric Trin 36:259–273
Stover RH (1959) A rapid and simple pathogenicity test for detecting virulent clones of Fusarium oxysporum f. cubense using seedlings of Musa balbisiana. Nature 184:1591–1592
Strosse H, Schoofs H, Panis B, Andre E, Reyniers K, Swennen R (2006) Development of embryogenic cell suspensions from shoot meristematic tissue in bananas and plantains (Musa spp.). Plant Sci 170(1):104–112
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Uma, S., Lakshmi, S., Saraswathi, M.S. et al. Embryo rescue and plant regeneration in banana (Musa spp.). Plant Cell Tiss Organ Cult 105, 105–111 (2011). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11240-010-9847-9
Received:
Accepted:
Published:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11240-010-9847-9