Abstract
In this paper, a novel binder-free supercapacitor electrode is introduced based on a ternary polyaniline (PANI), graphene oxide (GO), and nickel cobaltite (MO) composite. To aim this, MO was synthesized via hydrothermal method in the presence of GO, followed by in situ oxidative polymerization of aniline to form GO-PANI-MO (GPMO) composite. FTIR spectroscopy and X-ray diffraction confirmed the formation of different components, while SEM illustrated fuzzy structure of MO existed on PANI-GO surface. GPMO exhibited a specific capacitance of 250 F/g in the current density of 10 μA/g, which was six-fold greater than the sole PANI electrode. This could be correlated to the high-specific surface area provided by fuzzy structure of MO. Moreover, this considerable electrochemical performance is the result of synergistic effect between the constructed materials owing both electric double-layer capacitive and pseudocapacitive properties. Also, this electrode had 97% capacity retention after 1000 cycles at the current density of 20 μA/g.
![](http://media.springernature.com/m312/springer-static/image/art%3A10.1007%2Fs11581-022-04495-6/MediaObjects/11581_2022_4495_Sch1_HTML.png)
![](http://media.springernature.com/m312/springer-static/image/art%3A10.1007%2Fs11581-022-04495-6/MediaObjects/11581_2022_4495_Fig1_HTML.png)
![](http://media.springernature.com/m312/springer-static/image/art%3A10.1007%2Fs11581-022-04495-6/MediaObjects/11581_2022_4495_Fig2_HTML.png)
![](http://media.springernature.com/m312/springer-static/image/art%3A10.1007%2Fs11581-022-04495-6/MediaObjects/11581_2022_4495_Fig3_HTML.png)
![](http://media.springernature.com/m312/springer-static/image/art%3A10.1007%2Fs11581-022-04495-6/MediaObjects/11581_2022_4495_Fig4_HTML.png)
![](http://media.springernature.com/m312/springer-static/image/art%3A10.1007%2Fs11581-022-04495-6/MediaObjects/11581_2022_4495_Fig5_HTML.png)
![](http://media.springernature.com/m312/springer-static/image/art%3A10.1007%2Fs11581-022-04495-6/MediaObjects/11581_2022_4495_Fig6_HTML.png)
![](http://media.springernature.com/m312/springer-static/image/art%3A10.1007%2Fs11581-022-04495-6/MediaObjects/11581_2022_4495_Fig7_HTML.png)
![](http://media.springernature.com/m312/springer-static/image/art%3A10.1007%2Fs11581-022-04495-6/MediaObjects/11581_2022_4495_Fig8_HTML.png)
Similar content being viewed by others
References
Bo Y et al (2018) Facile synthesis of flexible electrode based on cotton/polypyrrole/multi-walled carbon nanotube composite for supercapacitors. Cellulose 25(7):4079–4091
Mahdavi H et al (2017) Synthesis and performance study of amino functionalized graphene aerogel grafted with polyaniline nanofibers as an efficient supercapacitor material. J Mater Sci: Mater Electron 28(5):4295–4305
Chen L et al (2018) Flexible all-solid-state supercapacitors based on freestanding, binder-free carbon nanofibers@ polypyrrole@ graphene film. Chem Eng J 334:184–190
Moyseowicz A et al (2017) Polypyrrole/iron oxide/reduced graphene oxide ternary composite as a binderless electrode material with high cyclic stability for supercapacitors. Compos B Eng 109:23–29
Allagui A et al (2018) Review of fractional-order electrical characterization of supercapacitors. J Power Sources 400:457–467
Huang Z et al (2018) Polyaniline/graphene nanocomposites towards high-performance supercapacitors: a review. Composites Communications 8:83–91
Gupta V, Miura NJML (2006) High performance electrochemical supercapacitor from electrochemically synthesized nanostructured polyaniline. Mater Lett 60(12):1466–1469
Khdary NH, Abdesalam ME, Enany GEJJ ot ES (2014) Mesoporous polyaniline films for high performance supercapacitors. J Electrochem Soc 161(9):G63
Dhawale D, Vinu A, Lokhande CJEA (2011) Stable nanostructured polyaniline electrode for supercapacitor application. Electrochim Acta 56(25):9482–9487
Luo J et al (2016) Preparation of morphology-controllable polyaniline and polyaniline/graphene hydrogels for high performance binder-free supercapacitor electrodes. J Power Sources 319:73–81
Hu N et al (2016) Three-dimensional skeleton networks of graphene wrapped polyaniline nanofibers: an excellent structure for high-performance flexible solid-state supercapacitors. Sci Rep 6:19777
Wu X et al (2016) Nano nickel oxide coated graphene/polyaniline composite film with high electrochemical performance for flexible supercapacitor. Electrochim Acta 211:1066–1075
Qu G et al (2016) Asymmetric supercapacitor based on porous N-doped carbon derived from pomelo peel and NiO arrays. ACS Appl Mater Interfaces 8(32):20822–20830
Bavio MA et al (2017) Flexible symmetric and asymmetric supercapacitors based in nanocomposites of carbon cloth/polyaniline-carbon nanotubes. Energy 130:22–28
Manoj M et al (2017) Polyaniline–graphene oxide based ordered nanocomposite electrodes for high-performance supercapacitor applications. J Mater Sci: Mater Electron 28(19):14323–14330
Zhang K et al (2010) Graphene/polyaniline nanofiber composites as supercapacitor electrodes. Chem Mater 22(4):1392–1401
Lee T et al (2012) Hybrid multilayer thin film supercapacitor of graphene nanosheets with polyaniline: importance of establishing intimate electronic contact through nanoscale blending. J Mater Chem 22(39):21092–21099
Khalid M et al (2017) Polyaniline nanofibers–graphene oxide nanoplatelets composite thin film electrodes for electrochemical capacitors. RSC Advances 4(64):34168–34178
Gao Y (2017) Graphene and polymer composites for supercapacitor applications: a review. Nanoscale Res Lett 12(1):387
Bonaccorso F et al (2015) Graphene, related two-dimensional crystals, and hybrid systems for energy conversion and storage. Science 347(6217):1246501
Sankar KV, Selvan RK (2016) Fabrication of flexible fiber supercapacitor using covalently grafted CoFe2O4/reduced graphene oxide/polyaniline and its electrochemical performances. Electrochim Acta 213:469–481
Kandasamy SK, Kandasamy K (2018) Recent advances in electrochemical performances of graphene composite (graphene-polyaniline/polypyrrole/activated carbon/carbon nanotube) electrode materials for supercapacitor: a review. J Inorg Organomet Polym Mater 28:559–584
Muzaffar A et al (2019) A review on recent advances in hybrid supercapacitors: design, fabrication and applications. Renew Sustain Energy Rev 101:123–145
Pant B et al (2018) Carbon nanofibers wrapped with zinc oxide nano-flakes as promising electrode material for supercapacitors. J Colloid Interface Sci 522:40–47
Han G et al (2014) MnO 2 nanorods intercalating graphene oxide/polyaniline ternary composites for robust high-performance supercapacitors. Sci Rep 4:4824
Lin H et al (2016) Self-assembled graphene/polyaniline/Co3O4 ternary hybrid aerogels for supercapacitors. Electrochim Acta 191:444–451
Su H et al (2012) Facile synthesis of polyaniline/TiO2/graphene oxide composite for high performance supercapacitors. Solid State Sci 14(6):677–681
Sanchez JS et al (2018) Porous NiCoMn ternary metal oxide/graphene nanocomposites for high performance hybrid energy storage devices. Electrochim Acta 279:44–56
Abdollahifar M et al (2018) High-performance carbon-coated ZnMn2O4 nanocrystallite supercapacitors with tailored microstructures enabled by a novel solution combustion method. J Power Sources 378:90–97
Xiong P et al (2014) Ternary manganese ferrite/graphene/polyaniline nanostructure with enhanced electrochemical capacitance performance. J Power Sources 266:384–392
Sahoo S, Zhang S, Shim J-JJEA (2016) Porous ternary high performance supercapacitor electrode based on reduced graphene oxide, NiMn2O4, and polyaniline. Electrochim Acta 216:386–396
Yuan C et al (2014) Mixed transition-metal oxides: design, synthesis, and energy-related applications. Angew Chem Int Ed 53(6):1488–1504
Chen D et al (2015) Ternary oxide nanostructured materials for supercapacitors: a review. Journal of Materials Chemistry A 3(19):10158–10173
Li Y et al (2019) Review and prospect of NiCo2O4-based composite materials for supercapacitor electrodes. J Energy Chem 31:54–78
Yedluri AK, Kim H-JJRa (2019) Enhanced electrochemical performance of nanoplate nickel cobaltite (NiCo2O4) supercapacitor applications. RSC Advances 9(2):1115–1122
Chen X et al (2020) Supercapacitor performance of porous nickel cobaltite nanosheets. Sci Rep 10(1):18956–18969
Mondal S, Rana U, Malik SJTJoPCC (2017) Reduced graphene oxide/Fe3O4/polyaniline nanostructures as electrode materials for an all-solid-state hybrid supercapacitor. J Phys Chem C 121(14):7573–7583
Tabrizi AG et al (2018) Growth of polyaniline on rGO-Co3S4 nanocomposite for high-performance supercapacitor energy storage. Int J Hydrog Energy 43(27):12200–12210
Pan C, Gu H, Dong LJJoPS (2016) Synthesis and electrochemical performance of polyaniline@ MnO2/graphene ternary composites for electrochemical supercapacitors. J Power Sources 303:175–181
Marcano DC et al (2010) Improved synthesis of graphene oxide. ACS Nano 4(8):4806–4814
Wang N et al (2016) Highly mesoporous structure nickel cobalt oxides with an ultra-high specific surface area for supercapacitor electrode materials. J Solid State Electrochem 20(5):1429–1434
Naveen AN, Selladurai S (2016) Novel synthesis of highly porous three-dimensional nickel cobaltite for supercapacitor application. Ionics 22(8):1471–1483
Gao Z et al (2014) Chemically grafted graphene-polyaniline composite for application in supercapacitor. Electrochim Acta 133:325–334
Dong Y et al (2014) Sensitive detection of Pb (II) at gold nanoparticle/polyaniline/graphene modified electrode using differential pulse anodic stripping voltammetry. Anal Methods 6(23):9367–9374
Kumar NA et al (2012) Polyaniline-grafted reduced graphene oxide for efficient electrochemical supercapacitors. ACS Nano 6(2):1715–1723
Shabani-Nooshabadi M, Zahedi F (2017) Electrochemical reduced graphene oxide-polyaniline as effective nanocomposite film for high-performance supercapacitor applications. Electrochim Acta 245:575–586
Gholami Laelabadi K, Moradian R, Manouchehri IJAAEM (2020) One-step fabrication of flexible, cost/time effective, and high energy storage reduced graphene oxide@ PANI supercapacitor. ACS Appl Energy Mater 3(6):5301–5312
Gholami Laelabadi K, Moradian R, Manouchehri IJAAEM (2021) Facile method of fabricating interdigitated and sandwich electrodes for high-performance and flexible reduced graphene oxide@ polyaniline nanocomposite supercapacitors. ACS Appl Energy Mater 4(7):6697–6710
Das M, Sarker AKJAJoC (2020) Preparation of polyaniline/graphene oxide thin films microelectrodes through electrochemical reduction at different potential range for high-performance supercapacitors. Asian J Chem 32(12):3047–3056
Goswami S et al (2019) Biowaste-derived carbon black applied to polyaniline-based high-performance supercapacitor microelectrodes: sustainable materials for renewable energy applications. Electrochim Acta 316:202–218
Bu F et al (2020) Recent developments of advanced micro-supercapacitors: design, fabrication and applications. npj Flexible Electronics 4(1):1–16
Zhang L et al (2017) Mesoporous NiCo2O4 micro/nanospheres with hierarchical structures for supercapacitors and methanol electro–oxidation. ChemElectroChem 4(2):441–449
Ko T-H et al (2017) A green and scalable dry synthesis of NiCo2O4/graphene nanohybrids for high-performance supercapacitor and enzymeless glucose biosensor applications. J Alloy Compd 696:193–200
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Additional information
Publisher's note
Springer Nature remains neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in published maps and institutional affiliations.
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Mahdavi, H., Norouzi, P. & Yari, F. Fabrication of ternary supercapacitor electrode using nickel cobaltite nanosheets to polyaniline/graphene oxide. Ionics 28, 3001–3011 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11581-022-04495-6
Received:
Revised:
Accepted:
Published:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11581-022-04495-6