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Improved electrochemical properties of MgMn2O4 cathode materials by Sr doping for Mg ion cells

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Abstract

Magnesium possesses numerous great characteristics that make it attractive as an electrode material for rechargeable batteries. Magnesium is available in abundance, ease of handling, low toxicity, and environmental friendly. Due to its advantages, magnesium ion battery may be considered as an alternative to lithium in the future. In the present work, the improvement electrochemical properties of magnesium-based cathode material, MgMn2O4, were done by adding strontium (Sr) as dopant. These materials were synthesized by self-propagating combustion method using citric acid as a reducing agent. The precursors obtained were annealed at temperatures of 700 °C and 800 °C for 24 h. The thermal properties, structure, and surface morphology of the prepared cathode material samples were characterized using thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), X-ray diffraction (XRD), field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX), Raman spectroscopy, electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS), and Brunauer–Emmett–Teller theory (BET). Linear sweep voltammetry (LSV) and cyclic voltammetry (CV) were performed to determine electrochemical stability and properties of the prepared samples using two different electrolytes containing magnesium trifluoromethanesulfonate (Mg(CF3SO3)2) salt and magnesium perchlorate (Mg(ClO4)2) salt. The magnesium ion cells were fabricated using the optimized cathode materials, and the cell performances were studied by galvanostatic charge–discharge test.

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Funding

The Ministry of Education Malaysia and University of Malaya provided FP044-2017A grant and GP047B-2018 grant award, respectively.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Centre for Ionics University of Malaya, University of Malaya, 50603, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia

    N. Harudin, Z. Osman, S. R. Majid, L. Othman & D. Hambali

  2. Department of Physics, University of Malaya, 50603, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia

    N. Harudin, Z. Osman, S. R. Majid, L. Othman & D. Hambali

  3. Chemistry Center, University of Minho Campus de Gualtar, 4710-057, Braga, Portugal

    M. M. Silva

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  1. N. Harudin
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  2. Z. Osman
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Correspondence to Z. Osman.

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Harudin, N., Osman, Z., Majid, S.R. et al. Improved electrochemical properties of MgMn2O4 cathode materials by Sr doping for Mg ion cells. Ionics 26, 3947–3958 (2020). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11581-020-03531-7

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11581-020-03531-7

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