Skip to main content
SpringerLink
Log in

Global Real-World Outcomes of Patients Receiving Immuno-Oncology Combinations for Advanced Renal Cell Carcinoma: The ARON-1 Study

  • Original Research Article
  • Published:
Targeted Oncology Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

Background

Immuno-oncology combinations have achieved survival benefits in patients with metastatic renal cell carcinoma (mRCC).

Objective

The ARON-1 study (NCT05287464) was designed to globally collect real-world data on the use of immuno-combinations as first-line therapy for mRCC patients.

Patients and Methods

Patients aged ≥ 18 years with a cytologically and/or histologically confirmed diagnosis of mRCC treated with first-line immuno-combination therapies were retrospectively included from 47 International Institutions from 16 countries. Patients were assessed for overall survival (OS), progression-free survival (PFS), and overall clinical benefit (OCB).

Results

A total of 729 patients were included; tumor histology was clear-cell RCC in 86% of cases; 313 patients received dual immuno-oncology (IO + IO) therapy while 416 were treated with IO-tyrosine kinase inhibitor (IO + TKI) combinations. In the overall study population, the median OS and PFS were 36.5 and 15.0 months, respectively. The median OS was longer with IO+TKI compared with IO+IO therapy in the 616 patients with intermediate/poor International mRCC Database Consortium (IMDC) risk criteria (55.7 vs 29.7 months; p = 0.045). OCB was 84% for IO+TKI and 72% for IO + IO combination (p < 0.001).

Conclusions

Our study may suggest that immuno-oncology combinations are effective as first-line therapy in the mRCC real-world context, showing outcome differences between IO + IO and IO + TKI combinations in mRCC subpopulations.

Clinical Trial Registration

NCT05287464.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Log in via an institution

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Institutional subscriptions

Fig. 1
Fig. 2
Fig. 3

Similar content being viewed by others

References

  1. Hsieh JJ, Purdue MP, Signoretti S, Swanton C, Albiges L, Schmidinger M, et al. Renal cell carcinoma. Nat Rev Dis Primers. 2017;3:17009.

    Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  2. Santoni M, Piva F, Porta C, Bracarda S, Heng DY, Matrana MR, et al. Artificial neural networks as a way to predict future kidney cancer incidence in the United States. Clin Genitourin Cancer. 2021;19(2):e84–91.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  3. Allemani C, Matsuda T, Di Carlo V, Harewood R, Matz M, Nikšić M, et al. Global surveillance of trends in cancer survival 2000–14 (CONCORD-3): analysis of individual records for 37513025 patients diagnosed with one of 18 cancers from 322 population-based registries in 71 countries. Lancet. 2018;391(10125):1023–75.

    Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  4. Motzer RJ, Hutson TE, Tomczak P, Michaelson MD, Bukowski RM, Rixe O, et al. Sunitinib versus interferon alfa in metastatic renal-cell carcinoma. N Engl J Med. 2007;356(2):115–24.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  5. Sternberg CN, Davis ID, Mardiak J, Szczylik C, Lee E, Wagstaff J, et al. Pazopanib in locally advanced or metastatic renal cell carcinoma: results of a randomized phase III trial. J ClinOncol. 2010;28(6):1061–8.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  6. Motzer RJ, Tannir NM, McDermott DF, Arén Frontera O, Melichar B, Choueiri TK, et al. Nivolumab plus ipilimumab versus sunitinib in advanced renal-cell carcinoma. N Engl J Med. 2018;378(14):1277–90.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  7. Motzer RJ, Penkov K, Haanen J, Rini B, Albiges L, Campbell MT, et al. Avelumab plus axitinib versus sunitinib for advanced renal-cell carcinoma. N Engl J Med. 2019;380(12):1103–15.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  8. Rini BI, Powles T, Atkins MB, Escudier B, McDermott DF, Suarez C, et al. Atezolizumab plus bevacizumab versus sunitinib in patients with previously untreated metastatic renal cell carcinoma (IMmotion151): a multicentre, open-label, phase 3, randomised controlled trial. Lancet. 2019;393(10189):2404–15.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  9. Rini BI, Plimack ER, Stus V, Gafanov R, Hawkins R, Nosov D, et al. Pembrolizumab plus axitinib versus sunitinib for advanced renal-cell carcinoma. N Engl J Med. 2019;380(12):1116–27.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  10. Motzer R, Alekseev B, Rha SY, Porta C, Eto M, Powles T, et al. Lenvatinib plus pembrolizumab or everolimus for advanced renal cell carcinoma. N Engl J Med. 2021;384(14):1289–300.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  11. Choueiri TK, Powles T, Burotto M, Escudier B, Bourlon MT, Zurawski B, et al. Nivolumab plus cabozantinib versus sunitinib for advanced renal-cell carcinoma. N Engl J Med. 2021;384(9):829–41.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  12. Rizzo A, Mollica V, Dall’Olio FG, Ricci AD, Maggio I, Marchetti A, et al. Quality of life assessment in renal cell carcinoma Phase II and III clinical trials published between 2010 and 2020: a systematic review. Future Oncol. 2021;17(20):2671–81.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  13. Rathi N, Maughan BL, Agarwal N, Swami U. The tango of immunotherapy and targeted therapy in metastatic renal cell carcinoma. Transl Cancer Res. 2019;8(8):E1–6.

    Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  14. Heng DY, Mackenzie MJ, Vaishampayan UN, Bjarnason GA, Knox JJ, Tan MH, et al. Primary anti-vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF)-refractory metastatic renal cell carcinoma: clinical characteristics, risk factors, and subsequent therapy. Ann Oncol. 2012;23(6):1549–55.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  15. Santoni M, Massari F, Bracarda S, Grande E, Matrana MR, Rizzo M, et al. Cabozantinib in patients with advanced renal cell carcinoma primary refractory to first-line immunocombinations or tyrosine kinase inhibitors. Eur Urol Focus. 2022;S2405–4569(22):00049–59.

    Google Scholar 

  16. Teishima J, Murata D, Inoue S, Hayashi T, Mita K, Hasegawa Y, et al. Prediction of early progression of metastatic renal cell carcinoma treated with first-line tyrosine kinase inhibitor. Curr Urol. 2021;15(4):187–92.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  17. Gan CL, Dudani S, Wells JC, Donskov F, Pal SK, Dizman N, et al. Cabozantinib real-world effectiveness in the first-through fourth-line settings for the treatment of metastatic renal cell carcinoma: results from the international metastatic renal cell carcinoma database consortium. Cancer Med. 2021;10(4):1212–21.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  18. Ravi P, Mantia C, Su C, Sorenson K, Elhag D, Rathi N, Bakouny Z, Agarwal N, Zakharia Y, Costello BA, McKay RR, Narayan V, Alva A, McGregor BA, Gao X, McDermott DF, Choueiri TK. Evaluation of the safety and efficacy of immunotherapy rechallenge in patients with renal cell carcinoma. JAMA Oncol. 2020;6(10):1606–10.

    Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  19. Santoni M, Massari F, Myint ZW, Iacovelli R, Pichler M, Basso U, et al. Clinico-pathological features influencing the prognostic role of body mass index in patients with advanced renal cell carcinoma treated by immuno-oncology combinations (ARON-1). Clin Genitourin Cancer. 2023;S1558–7673(23):00065–74.

    Google Scholar 

  20. Schwartz LH, Litière S, de Vries E, Ford R, Gwyther S, Mandrekar S, et al. RECIST 1.1-update and clarification: from the RECIST committee. Eur J Cancer. 2016;62:132–7.

    Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  21. Nemoto Y, Ishihara H, Nakamura K, Tachibana H, Fukuda H, Yoshida K, et al. Efficacy and safety of immunotherapy-based combinations as first-line therapy for metastatic renal cell carcinoma in patients who do not meet trial eligibility criteria. Target Oncol. 2022;17(4):475–82.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  22. Ishihara H, Nemoto Y, Nakamura K, Tachibana H, Ikeda T, Fukuda H, et al. Comparison of outcomes between therapeutic combinations based on immune checkpoint inhibitors or tyrosine kinase inhibitor monotherapy for first-line therapy of patients with advanced renal cell carcinoma outside of clinical trials: a real-world retrospective multi-institutional study. Target Oncol. 2023;18(2):209–20.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  23. Yang DD, Nguyen PL. The increasing importance of rigorous real-world evidence. JNCI Cancer Spectr. 2022;6(4):pkac051.

    Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  24. Flanigan RC, Mickisch G, Sylvester R, et al. Cytoreductive nephrectomy in patients with metastatic renal cancer: a combined analysis. J Urol. 2004;171:1071–6.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  25. Heng DY, Wells JC, Rini BI, et al. Cytoreductive nephrectomy in patients with synchronous metastases from renal cell carcinoma: results from the international metastatic renal cell carcinoma database consortium. Eur Urol. 2014;66:704–10.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  26. Massari F, Di Nunno V, Gatto L, et al. Should CARMENA really change our attitude towards cytoreductive nephrectomy in metastatic renal cell carcinoma? A systematic review and meta-analysis evaluating cytoreductive nephrectomy in the era of targeted therapy. Target Oncol. 2018;13:705–14.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  27. Motzer RJ, Russo P. Cytoreductive nephrectomy—patient selection is key. N Engl J Med. 2018;379:481–2.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  28. Massari F, Rizzo A, Mollica V, Rosellini M, Marchetti A, Ardizzoni A, Santoni M. Immune-based combinations for the treatment of metastatic renal cell carcinoma: a meta-analysis of randomised clinical trials. Eur J Cancer. 2021;154:120–7.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  29. Dudani S, Graham J, Wells JC, Bakouny Z, Pal SK, Dizman N, et al. First-line immuno-oncology combination therapies in metastatic renal-cell carcinoma: results from the international metastatic renal-cell carcinoma database consortium. Eur Urol. 2019;76(6):861–7.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

Download references

Acknowledgements

None to declare.

Author information

Author notes

  1. Matteo Santoni and Francesco Massari have equally contributed.

  2. Nicola Battelli and Camillo Porta are co-senior authors.

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Oncology Unit, Macerata Hospital, Via Santa Lucia 2, 62100, Macerata, Italy

    Matteo Santoni, Giulia Sorgentoni & Nicola Battelli

  2. Medical Oncology, IRCCS Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria di Bologna, Via Albertoni-15, Bologna, Italy

    Francesco Massari & Veronica Mollica

  3. Markey Cancer Center, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, 40536-0293, USA

    Zin W. Myint

  4. Oncologia Medica, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Agostino Gemelli IRCCS, Rome, Italy

    Roberto Iacovelli

  5. Division of Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, Medical University of Graz, Augenbruggerplatz 15, 8010, Graz, Austria

    Martin Pichler

  6. Oncology 3 Unit, Department of Oncology, Istituto Oncologico Veneto IOV IRCCS, Padua, Italy

    Umberto Basso

  7. Department of Clinical Oncology and Radiotherapy, University Hospital Hradec Kralove, Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic

    Jindrich Kopecky

  8. Department of Uro-oncology, Maria Sklodowska-Curie National Research Institute of Oncology, Warsaw, Poland

    Jakub Kucharz

  9. Medical Oncology Unit, Department of Medicine and Surgery, University Hospital of Parma, University of Parma, Parma, Italy

    Sebastiano Buti

  10. Division of Medical Oncology, A.O.U. Consorziale Policlinico di Bari, Piazza G. Cesare 11, 70124, Bari, Italy

    Mimma Rizzo & Camillo Porta

  11. Oncology Unit 2, University Hospital of Pisa, 56126, Pisa, Italy

    Luca Galli

  12. Department of Urology, University Hospital Bonn (UKB), 53127, Bonn, Germany

    Thomas Büttner

  13. Department of Medical Oncology, IRCCS Istituto Romagnolo per lo Studio dei Tumori (IRST) “Dino Amadori”, Meldola, Italy

    Ugo De Giorgi

  14. Division of Medical Oncology, National Cancer Centre Singapore, Singapore, Singapore

    Ravindran Kanesvaran

  15. Department of Oncology and Radiotherapeutics, Faculty of Medicine, University Hospital in Pilsen, Charles University, Pilsen, Czech Republic

    Ondřej Fiala

  16. Department of Medical Oncology, MD Anderson Cancer Center Madrid, Madrid, Spain

    Enrique Grande & Ignacio Ortego Zabalza

  17. Department of Biomedical Sciences, Humanitas University, Pieve Emanuele, Milan, Italy

    Paolo Andrea Zucali

  18. Department of Oncology, IRCCS Humanitas Research Hospital, Rozzano, Milan, Italy

    Paolo Andrea Zucali

  19. IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, Genoa, Italy

    Giuseppe Fornarini

  20. Hematology and Oncology Department, Instituto Nacional de Ciencias Médicas y Nutrición Salvador Zubirán, Mexico City, Mexico

    Maria T. Bourlon

  21. UOC di Oncologia, Azienda Ospedaliera di Rilievo Nazionale Cardarelli di Napoli, Naples, Italy

    Sarah Scagliarini

  22. Department of Medical Oncology, Hospital Ramón y Cajal, Madrid, Spain

    Javier Molina-Cerrillo

  23. Medical Oncology Division of Urogenital and Head and Neck Tumours, IEO, European Institute of Oncology IRCCS, Milan, Italy

    Gaetano Aurilio

  24. Department of Internal Medicine, Hematology/Oncology, Ochsner Medical Center, New Orleans, LA, USA

    Marc R. Matrana

  25. Department of Urology, Medical University of Innsbruck, Anichstrasse 35, 6020, Innsbruck, Austria

    Renate Pichler

  26. Department of Medical Oncology, “Maggiore della Carità” University Hospital, 28100, Novara, Italy

    Carlo Cattrini

  27. Department of Oncology, First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, Thomayer University Hospital, 14059, Prague, Czech Republic

    Tomas Büchler

  28. Department of Medical Oncology, Centre Hospitalier de Jolimont, Haine Saint Paul, Belgium

    Emmanuel Seront

  29. Department of Oncology, San Camillo Forlanini Hospital, Rome, Italy

    Fabio Calabrò

  30. Medical Oncology Department, La Paz University Hospital, Madrid, Spain

    Alvaro Pinto

  31. Department of Medical Oncology, Università Politecnica delle Marche, AOU Ospedali Riuniti delle Marche, Ancona, Italy

    Rossana Berardi

  32. Department of Oncology-Radiotherapy, Prof. Dr. Alexandru Trestioreanu Institute of Oncology, Carol Davila University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Bucharest, Romania

    Anca Zgura

  33. Department of Radiological, Oncological and Anatomo-Pathological Science, “Sapienza” University of Rome, Viale Regina Elena 324, 00185, Rome, Italy

    Giulia Mammone

  34. Medical Oncology, Tawam Hospital, Al Ain, United Arab Emirates

    Jawaher Ansari

  35. Unità di Oncologia Medica, Azienda Ospedaliero Universitaria di Cagliari, Cagliari, Italy

    Francesco Atzori

  36. UOC Oncologia, Azienda Ospedaliera Ospedali Riuniti Marche Nord, Tuscany, Italy

    Rita Chiari

  37. 2nd Propaedeutic Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, ATTIKON University Hospital, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece

    Aristotelis Bamias

  38. Medical Oncology Unit, Santa Chiara Hospital, Trento, Italy

    Orazio Caffo

  39. Dipartimento di Oncologia Medica, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, Milan, Italy

    Giuseppe Procopio

  40. Oncologia Medica, Ospedale Maggiore di Cremona, Cremona, Italy

    Giuseppe Procopio

  41. Medical Oncology 1, IRCCS Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, Rome, Italy

    Maria Bassanelli

  42. Section of Oncology, Department of Medicine, University of Verona School of Medicine, Verona University Hospital Trust, Verona, Italy

    Sara Merler

  43. Oncology Unit, A.R.N.A.S. Civico, Palermo, Italy

    Carlo Messina

  44. Department of Genitourinary Medical Oncology and Clinical Pharmacology, National Institute of Oncology, Budapest, Hungary

    Zsófia Küronya

  45. Oncology, Candiolo Cancer Institute, IRCCS-FPO, 10060, Turin, Italy

    Alessandra Mosca

  46. Department of Medical Oncology, Army Hospital Research and Referral, New Delhi, India

    Dipen Bhuva

  47. Urologic Oncology, Champalimaud Clinical Center, 1400-038, Lisbon, Portugal

    Nuno Vau

  48. Department of Surgical, Oncological and Oral Sciences, Section of Medical Oncology, University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy

    Lorena Incorvaia

  49. Medical Oncology, Ospedale San Paolo, 17100, Savona, Italy

    Sara Elena Rebuzzi

  50. Department of Internal Medicine and Medical Specialties (Di.M.I.), University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy

    Sara Elena Rebuzzi

  51. Department of Health Sciences, Section of Clinical Pharmacology and Oncology, University of Florence, Viale Pieraccini 6, 50139, Florence, Italy

    Giandomenico Roviello

  52. Struttura Semplice Dipartimentale di Oncologia Medica per la Presa in Carico Globale del Paziente Oncologico “Don Tonino Bello”, I.R.C.C.S. Istituto Tumori “Giovanni Paolo II”, Viale Orazio Flacco 65, 70124, Bari, Italy

    Alessandro Rizzo

  53. Latin American Cooperative Oncology Group-LACOG, Porto Alegre, Brazil

    Fernando Sabino M. Monteiro

  54. Oncology and Hematology Department, Hospital Santa Lucia, SHLS 716 Cj. C, Brasília, DF, 70390-700, Brazil

    Fernando Sabino M. Monteiro

  55. Molecular Medicine and Cell Therapy Foundation, Polytechnic University of the Marche Region, 60126, Ancona, Italy

    Rodolfo Montironi

  56. Chair of Oncology, Interdisciplinary Department of Medicine, University of Bari “Aldo Moro”, Bari, Italy

    Camillo Porta

Authors
  1. Matteo Santoni
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  2. Francesco Massari
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  3. Zin W. Myint
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  4. Roberto Iacovelli
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  5. Martin Pichler
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  6. Umberto Basso
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  7. Jindrich Kopecky
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  8. Jakub Kucharz
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  9. Sebastiano Buti
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  10. Mimma Rizzo
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  11. Luca Galli
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  12. Thomas Büttner
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  13. Ugo De Giorgi
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  14. Ravindran Kanesvaran
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  15. Ondřej Fiala
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  16. Enrique Grande
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  17. Paolo Andrea Zucali
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  18. Giuseppe Fornarini
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  19. Maria T. Bourlon
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  20. Sarah Scagliarini
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  21. Javier Molina-Cerrillo
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  22. Gaetano Aurilio
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  23. Marc R. Matrana
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  24. Renate Pichler
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  25. Carlo Cattrini
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  26. Tomas Büchler
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  27. Emmanuel Seront
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  28. Fabio Calabrò
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  29. Alvaro Pinto
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  30. Rossana Berardi
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  31. Anca Zgura
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  32. Giulia Mammone
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  33. Jawaher Ansari
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  34. Francesco Atzori
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  35. Rita Chiari
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  36. Aristotelis Bamias
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  37. Orazio Caffo
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  38. Giuseppe Procopio
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  39. Maria Bassanelli
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  40. Sara Merler
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  41. Carlo Messina
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  42. Zsófia Küronya
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  43. Alessandra Mosca
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  44. Dipen Bhuva
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  45. Nuno Vau
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  46. Lorena Incorvaia
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  47. Sara Elena Rebuzzi
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  48. Giandomenico Roviello
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  49. Ignacio Ortego Zabalza
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  50. Alessandro Rizzo
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  51. Veronica Mollica
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  52. Giulia Sorgentoni
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  53. Fernando Sabino M. Monteiro
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  54. Rodolfo Montironi
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  55. Nicola Battelli
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  56. Camillo Porta
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Matteo Santoni.

Ethics declarations

Conflict of interest

Matteo Santoni has received research support and honoraria from Janssen, Bristol Myers Squibb, Ipsen, MSD, Astellas, and Bayer, all unrelated to the present paper. R. Kanesvaran has received fees for speaker bureau and advisory board activities from the following companies: Pfizer, MSD, BMS, Eisai, Ipsen, Johnson and Johnson, Merck, Amgen, Astellas, and Bayer. Enrique Grande has received honoraria for speaker engagements, advisory roles or funding of continuous medical education from Adacap, AMGEN, Angelini, Astellas, Astra Zeneca, Bayer, Blueprint, Bristol Myers Squibb, Caris Life Sciences, Celgene, Clovis-Oncology, Eisai, Eusa Pharma, Genetracer, Guardant Health, HRA-Pharma, IPSEN, ITM-Radiopharma, Janssen, Lexicon, Lilly, Merck KGaA, MSD, Nanostring Technologies, Natera, Novartis, ONCODNA (Biosequence), Palex, Pharmamar, Pierre Fabre, Pfizer, Roche, Sanofi-Genzyme, Servier, Taiho, and Thermo Fisher Scientific. EG has received research grants from Pfizer, Astra Zeneca, Astellas, and Lexicon Pharmaceuticals. Tomas Buchler has received research support and honoraria from Roche, Bristol Myers Squibb, Ipsen, Exelixis, Eisai, Merck Sharp Dohme, Merck, Eli Lilly, and AstraZeneca, all unrelated to the present paper. Aristotelis Bamias has received honoraria/advisory/research support by Pfizer, BMS, AZ, MSD, Roche, Janssen, Ipsen, Bayer, and Merck. Fernando Sabino Marques Monteiro has received research support from Janssen and Merck Sharp Dome and honoraria from Janssen, Ipsen, Bristol Myers Squibb, and Merck Sharp Dome. Camillo Porta has received honoraria from Angelini Pharma, AstraZeneca, BMS, Eisai, General Electric, Ipsen, and MSD and acted as a Protocol Steering Committee Member for BMS, Eisai, and MSD. The other authors declare that they have no conflicts of interest that might be relevant to the contents of this manuscript.

Funding

No external funding was used in the preparation of this manuscript.

Ethics approval, Consent to Participate

This retrospective research was carried out in accordance with the approval from the ethics committee of the Marche Region (2021-492) and was performed in accordance with the Declaration of Helsinki.

Availability of data

All data generated or analyzed during this study are included in this published article (and its supplementary information files). The datasets generated during and/or analyzed during the current study are not publicly available in accordance with all the centers participating to the ARON project but are available from the corresponding author on reasonable request.

Author contributions

Conceptualization: Matteo Santoni, Camillo Porta, Gaetano Aurilio. Data curation: Matteo Santoni, Francesco Massari, Fernando Sabino M. Monteiro, Zin W. Myint, Umberto Basso, Jindrich Kopecky, Jakub Kucharz, Mimma Rizzo1 Luca Galli, Thomas Büttner, Ugo De Giorgi, Ondřej Fiala, Paolo Andrea Zucali, Giuseppe Fornarini, Maria T Bourlon, Sarah Scagliarini, Javier Molina-Cerrillo, Marc R Matrana, Renate Pichler, Carlo Cattrini, Emmanuel Seront, Alvaro Pinto, Rossana Berardi, Anca Zgura, Giulia Mammone, Jawaher Ansari, Francesco Atzori, Rita Chiari, Orazio Caffo, Giuseppe Procopio, Maria Bassanelli, Sara Merler, Carlo Messina, Zsófia Küronya, Alessandra Mosca, Dipen Bhuva, Nuno Vau, Lorena Incorvaia, Sara Elena Rebuzzi, Giandomenico Roviello. Formal analysis: Matteo Santoni. Investigation: Francesco Massari. Methodology: Alessandro Rizzo, Ignacio Ortego Zabalza, Roberto Iacovelli, Martin Pichler. Project administration: Giulia Sorgentoni. Supervision: Enrique Grande, Aristotelis Bamias, Fabio Calabrò. Roles/writing—original draft: Matteo Santoni, Veronica Mollica, Sebastiano Buti. Writing—review & editing: Tomas Büchler, Ravindran Kanesvaran, Camillo Porta, Nicola Battelli, Rodolfo Montironi.

Supplementary Information

Below is the link to the electronic supplementary material.

Supplementary file1 (PDF 217 KB)

Rights and permissions

Springer Nature or its licensor (e.g. a society or other partner) holds exclusive rights to this article under a publishing agreement with the author(s) or other rightsholder(s); author self-archiving of the accepted manuscript version of this article is solely governed by the terms of such publishing agreement and applicable law.

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Check for updates. Verify currency and authenticity via CrossMark

Cite this article

Santoni, M., Massari, F., Myint, Z.W. et al. Global Real-World Outcomes of Patients Receiving Immuno-Oncology Combinations for Advanced Renal Cell Carcinoma: The ARON-1 Study. Targ Oncol 18, 559–570 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11523-023-00978-2

Download citation

  • Accepted:

  • Published:

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11523-023-00978-2

Search

Navigation