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HIV and Chronic Methamphetamine Dependence Affect Cerebral Blood Flow

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Abstract

Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) and methamphetamine (METH) dependence are independently associated with neuronal dysfunction. The coupling between cerebral blood flow (CBF) and neuronal activity is the basis of many task-based functional neuroimaging techniques. We examined the interaction between HIV infection and a previous history of METH dependence on CBF within the lenticular nuclei (LN). Twenty-four HIV−/METH−, eight HIV−/METH+, 24 HIV+/METH−, and 15 HIV+/METH+ participants performed a finger tapping paradigm. A multiple regression analysis of covariance assessed associations and two-way interactions between CBF and HIV serostatus and/or previous history of METH dependence. HIV+ individuals had a trend towards a lower baseline CBF (−10%, p = 0.07) and greater CBF changes for the functional task (+32%, p = 0.01) than HIV− subjects. Individuals with a previous history of METH dependence had a lower baseline CBF (−16%, p = 0.007) and greater CBF changes for a functional task (+33%, p = 0.02). However, no interaction existed between HIV serostatus and previous history of METH dependence for either baseline CBF (p = 0.53) or CBF changes for a functional task (p = 0.10). In addition, CBF and volume in the LN were not correlated. A possible additive relationship could exist between HIV infection and a history of METH dependence on CBF with a previous history of METH dependence having a larger contribution. Abnormalities in CBF could serve as a surrogate measure for assessing the chronic effects of HIV and previous METH dependence on brain function.

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Acknowledgements

This work was supported by a Dana Foundation Brain Immuno Imaging Award (DF3857-41880; B.A.) and NIH grants 1K23MH081786 and 1R01NR012657 (B.A.), NS-36722 and NS-42069 (R.B., C.G., and C.L.), MH22005 and AI47033 (F.V.), P30 MH62512 (M.C., R.E., I.G., F,V., and HNRC Group), and P01 DA12065. The authors would like to thank the contributions of study participants and staff at the HNRC and Translational Methamphetamine AIDS Research Center (P50 DA26306), San Diego, CA, USA. The HNRC Group is affiliated with the University of California, San Diego, the Naval Hospital, San Diego, the Veterans Affairs San Diego Healthcare System and includes Director: Igor Grant, M.D.; Co-Directors: J. Hampton Atkinson, M.D., Ronald J. Ellis, M.D., Ph.D., and J. Allen McCutchan, M.D.; Center Manager: Thomas D. Marcotte, Ph.D.; Assistant Center Manager: Jennifer Marquie-Beck; Business Manager: Melanie Sherman; Naval Hospital San Diego: Braden R. Hale, M.D., M.P.H. (P.I.); Neuromedical Component: Ronald J. Ellis, M.D., Ph.D. (P.I.), J. Allen McCutchan, M.D., Scott Letendre, M.D., Edmund Capparelli, Pharm.D., Rachel Schrier, Ph.D., and Terry Alexander, R.N.; Neurobehavioral Component: Robert K. Heaton, Ph.D. (P.I.), Mariana Cherner, Ph.D., Steven Paul Woods, Psy.D., David J. Moore, Ph.D.; Matthew Dawson, and Donald Franklin; Neuroimaging Component: Terry Jernigan, Ph.D. (P.I.), Christine Fennema-Notestine, Ph.D., Sarah L. Archibald, M.A., Marc Jacobson, Ph.D., Jacopo Annese, Ph.D., and Michael J. Taylor, Ph.D.; Neurobiology Component: Eliezer Masliah, M.D. (P.I.), Ian Everall, FRCPsych., FRCPath., Ph.D., and Cristian Achim, M.D., Ph.D.; Neurovirology Component: Douglas Richman, M.D., (P.I.) and David M. Smith, M.D.; International Component: J. Allen McCutchan, M.D., (P.I.); Developmental Component: Cristian Achim, MD, Ph.D. (P.I.) and Stuart Lipton, M.D., Ph.D.; Clinical Trials Component: J. Allen McCutchan, M.D., J. Hampton Atkinson, M.D., Ronald J. Ellis, M.D., Ph.D., and Scott Letendre, M.D.; Participant Accrual and Retention Unit: J. Hampton Atkinson, M.D. (P.I.) and Rodney von Jaeger, M.P.H.; Data Management Unit: Anthony C. Gamst, Ph.D. (P.I.) and Clint Cushman (Data Systems Manager); Statistics Unit: Ian Abramson, Ph.D. (P.I.), Florin Vaida, Ph.D., Tanya Wolfson, MS, and Reena Deutsch, Ph.D.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Neurology, Washington University in St. Louis, 660 South Euclid Ave, Box 08111, St. Louis, MO, 63110, USA

    Beau M. Ances

  2. Departments of Family and Preventative Medicine, University of California, San Diego, CA, USA

    Florin Vaida

  3. Department of Psychiatry, University of California, San Diego, CA, USA

    Mariana Cherner & Igor Grant

  4. Department of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, CA, USA

    Melinda J. Yeh & Carly Gardner

  5. Department of Radiology, University of California, San Diego, CA, USA

    Christine L. Liang & Richard B. Buxton

  6. Department of Neurosciences, University of California, San Diego, CA, USA

    Ronald J. Ellis

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  1. Beau M. Ances
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Ances, B.M., Vaida, F., Cherner, M. et al. HIV and Chronic Methamphetamine Dependence Affect Cerebral Blood Flow. J Neuroimmune Pharmacol 6, 409–419 (2011). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11481-011-9270-y

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