Skip to main content
Log in

A Mean-Field Linear-Quadratic Stochastic Stackelberg Differential Game with one Leader and Two Followers

  • Published:
Journal of Systems Science and Complexity Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

This paper is concerned with a linear-quadratic (LQ) stochastic Stackelberg differential game with one leader and two followers, where the game system is governed by a mean-field stochastic differential equation (MF-SDE). By maximum principle and verification theorem, the open-loop Stackelberg solution is expressed as a feedback form of the state and its mean with the help of three systems of Riccati equations.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Similar content being viewed by others

References

  1. Stackelberg H V, The Theory of the Market Economy, Oxford University Press, London, 1952.

    Google Scholar 

  2. Simaan M and Cruz J B, On the Stackelberg game strategy in non-zero games, Journal of Optimization Theory and Applications, 1973, 11(5): 533–555.

    Article  MathSciNet  MATH  Google Scholar 

  3. Castanon D and Athans M, On stochastic dynamic Stackelberg strategies, Automatica, 1976, 12(2): 177–183.

    Article  MathSciNet  MATH  Google Scholar 

  4. Yong J M, A leader-follower stochastic linear quadratic differential game, SIAM Journal on Control and Optimization, 2002, 41(4): 1015–1041.

    Article  MathSciNet  MATH  Google Scholar 

  5. Bensoussan A, Chen S K, and Sethi S P, The maximum principle for global solutions of stochastic Stackelberg differential games, SIAM Journal on Control and Optimization, 2015, 53(4): 1956–1981.

    Article  MathSciNet  MATH  Google Scholar 

  6. Jungers M, On linear-quadratic Stackelberg games with time preference rates, IEEE Transactions on Automatic Control, 2008, 53(2): 621–625.

    Article  MathSciNet  MATH  Google Scholar 

  7. Xu J J and Zhang H S, Sufficient and necessary open-loop Stackelberg strategy for two-player game with time delay, IEEE Transactions on Cybernetics, 2016, 46(2): 438–449.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  8. Basar T, Bensoussan A, and Sethi S P, Differential games with mixed leadership: The open-loop solution, Applied Mathematics and Computation, 2017, 217(3): 972–979.

    Article  MathSciNet  MATH  Google Scholar 

  9. Øksendal B, Sandal L, and Ubøe J, Stochastic Stackelberg equilibria with applications to timedependent newsvendor models, Journal of Economic Dynamics and Control, 2013, 37(7): 1284–1299.

    Article  MathSciNet  MATH  Google Scholar 

  10. Shi J T, Wang G C, and Xiong J, Leader-follower stochastic differential game with asymmetric information and applications, Automatica, 2016, 63: 60–73.

    Article  MathSciNet  MATH  Google Scholar 

  11. Shi J T and Wang G C, A kind of linear-quadratic leader-follower stochastic differential game, Proceedings of the 35th Chinese Control Conference (CCC), Chengdu, 2016, 316–320.

    Google Scholar 

  12. Shi J T and Wang G C, A new kind of linear-quadratic leader-follower stochastic differential game, IFAC-PapersOnLine, 2016, 49(18): 316–320.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  13. Shi J T, Wang G C, and Xiong J, Linear-quadratic stochastic Stackelberg differential game with asymmetric information, Science China-Information Sciences, 2017, 60(9): 211–225.

    Google Scholar 

  14. Shi J T, Wang G C, and Xiong J, Stochastic linear quadratic Stackelberg differential game with overlapping information, ESAIM: Control, Optimisation and Calculus of Variations, 2018, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1051/cocv/2020006.

    Google Scholar 

  15. Li T and Sethi S P, A review of dynamic Stackelberg game models, Discrete and Continuous Dynamical Systems-Series B (DCDS-B), 2017, 22(1): 125–159.

    Article  MathSciNet  MATH  Google Scholar 

  16. Li N and Yu Z Y, Forward-backward stochastic differential equations and linear-quadratic generalized Stackelberg games, SIAM Journal on Control and Optimization, 2018, 56(6): 4148–4180.

    Article  MathSciNet  MATH  Google Scholar 

  17. Kac M, Foundations of kinetic theory, Progress of Theoretical Physics Supplement, 1956, 69(69): 101–110.

    MathSciNet  MATH  Google Scholar 

  18. Yong J M, A linear-quadratic optimal control problem for mean-field stochastic differential equations, SIAM Journal on Control and Optimization, 2013, 51(4): 2809–2838.

    Article  MathSciNet  MATH  Google Scholar 

  19. Wang G C, Zhang C H, and Zhang W H, Stochastic maximum principle for mean-field type optimal control under partial information, IEEE Transactions on Automatic Control, 2014, 59(2): 522–528.

    Article  MathSciNet  MATH  Google Scholar 

  20. Huang J H, Wang S J, and Wu Z, Backward-forward linear-quadratic mean-field games with major and minor agents, Probability, Uncertainty and Quantitative Risk, 2016, 1 (1): 1–27.

    Article  MathSciNet  MATH  Google Scholar 

  21. Hu Y, Øksendal B, and Sulem A, Singular mean-field control games, Stochastic Analysis and Applications, 2017, 35(5): 823–851.

    Article  MathSciNet  MATH  Google Scholar 

  22. Lin Y N, Jiang X S, and Zhang W H, Open-loop Stackelberg strategy for the linear quadratic mean-field stochastic differential game, IEEE Transactions on Automatic Control, 2018, 64(1): 97–110.

    Article  MathSciNet  MATH  Google Scholar 

  23. Buckdahn R, Djehiche B, and Li J, A general stochastic maximum principle for SDEs of meanfield type, Applied Mathematics and Optimization, 2011, 64(2): 197–216.

    Article  MathSciNet  MATH  Google Scholar 

  24. Yong J M and Zhou X Y, Stochastic Controls: Hamiltonian Systems and HJB Equations, Springer-Verlag, New York, 1999.

    Book  MATH  Google Scholar 

  25. Hafayed M, A mean-field maximum principle for optimal control of forward-backward stochastic differential equations with Poisson jump processes, International Journal of Dynamics and Control, 2013, 1(4): 300–315.

    Article  MathSciNet  Google Scholar 

  26. Lim A E B and Zhou X Y, Linear-quadratic control of backward stochastic differential equations, SIAM Journal on Control and Optimization, 2001, 40(2): 450–474.

    Article  MathSciNet  MATH  Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

Authors

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Susu Zhang.

Additional information

This paper was supported in part by the Fund for Innovative Research Groups of NSFC under Grant No. 61821004, the Key Program of NSFC under Grant Nos. 61633015 and 11831010, and the NSFC for Distinguished Young Scholars under Grant No. 61925306.

This paper was recommended for publication by Editor-in-Chief CHEN Jie.

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Check for updates. Verify currency and authenticity via CrossMark

Cite this article

Wang, G., Zhang, S. A Mean-Field Linear-Quadratic Stochastic Stackelberg Differential Game with one Leader and Two Followers. J Syst Sci Complex 33, 1383–1401 (2020). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11424-020-9025-z

Download citation

  • Received:

  • Revised:

  • Published:

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11424-020-9025-z

Keywords

Navigation