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Enhancing phosphorus availability in phosphorus-fertilized zones by reducing phosphate adsorbed on ferrihydrite using rice straw-derived biochar

  • SOILS, SEC 1 • SOIL ORGANIC MATTER DYNAMICS AND NUTRIENT CYCLING • RESEARCH ARTICLE
  • Published:
Journal of Soils and Sediments Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

Purpose

Biochar amendments can alter phosphorus (P) availability in soils, though the influencing mechanisms are not yet fully understood. This work investigated the adsorption and desorption of P on ferrihydrite (F, a Fe-oxide widely distributed in surface environments) in order to evaluate the interactions between P and Fe-oxide in the absence or presence of biochar (F or ferrihydrite–biochar (F–B) interaction) in soils.

Materials and methods

Biochar was produced by pyrolysis of rice straw at 600°C in steel ring furnaces. Two-line ferrihydrite was synthesized by dropwise addition of 1 mol L−1 KOH into Fe(NO3)3 solution until the pH reached 7–8 while stirring vigorously. An F–B complex was prepared under similar conditions, except that a mixture of 10 g biochar and the Fe(NO3)3 solution was used as the starting material instead of Fe(NO3)3 alone. A batch equilibration method was used to determine sorption or desorption of P. The mechanisms of P adsorption on F and F–B complex materials were discussed.

Results and discussion

Adsorption of P on F decreased as the pH was increased from 3.0 to 10, but the adsorption capacity of F decreased by about 30–40% in the presence of biochar. The P chemisorption rates on F also decreased in the presence of biochar. The Freundlich model showed that the active adsorption sites on the surface of the F–B complex were energetically heterogeneous. The desorbability of adsorbed P on F was enhanced by combination with biochar. The mechanisms of P adsorption on F and F–B complex materials are different.

Conclusions

The results showed that the amount and rate of P adsorption on the surface of ferrihydrite decreased with the presence of biochar, and the desorbability of adsorbed P on ferrihydrite can be enhanced when combined with biochar. Thus, the presence of biochar can decrease P adsorption on the Fe-oxides and enhance P availability in soils.

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Acknowledgments

The authors gratefully acknowledge the two anonymous reviewers for their helpful comments and improving the English. This project was supported by the Science Foundation from the State Key Laboratory of Soil and Sustainable Agriculture (Y052010028), the National Natural Science Foundation of China (41001139), the Start-Up Foundation from the Institute of Urban Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences (Y0L5611B60), and the Natural Science Foundation Project of CQ CSTC (CSTC, 2009BB1108).

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Key Laboratory of Urban Environment and Health, Institute of Urban Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xiamen, 361021, People’s Republic of China

    Hao-Jie Cui & Ming-Lai Fu

  2. State Key Laboratory of Soil and Sustainable Agriculture, Institute of Soil Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing, 210008, People’s Republic of China

    Hao-Jie Cui

  3. Department of Agricultural Chemistry, National Taiwan University, No. 1, Sec. 4, Roosevelt Road, Taipei, 106, Taiwan

    Ming Kuang Wang

  4. College of Resources and Environment, Southwest University, Chongqing, 400716, People’s Republic of China

    En Ci

Authors
  1. Hao-Jie Cui
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  2. Ming Kuang Wang
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  3. Ming-Lai Fu
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  4. En Ci
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Correspondence to Ming-Lai Fu.

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Responsible editor: Leo Condron

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Cui, HJ., Wang, M.K., Fu, ML. et al. Enhancing phosphorus availability in phosphorus-fertilized zones by reducing phosphate adsorbed on ferrihydrite using rice straw-derived biochar. J Soils Sediments 11, 1135–1141 (2011). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11368-011-0405-9

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11368-011-0405-9

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